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of June 6, 2024 No. 3788-IX
About preschool education
The Verkhovna Rada recognizes preschool education of obligatory primary component of education throughout life.
Public authorities and local government bodies shall promote development of organizations of preschool education as the cells providing formation of the person from first years of his life, forming of human capital and sustainable development of society and state.
This Law determines legal, organizational and economic basis of functioning of system of preschool education for the purpose of ensuring complete and all-round development of the child by education, training, socialization and forming of necessary life skills and kompetentnost.
1. In this Law the following terms are used in the following value:
pupils are the children getting preschool education;
state standard of preschool education (further - state standard) - the document containing list and the description of the results of training and kompetentnost acquired by pupils during receipt of preschool education grouped in the educational directions;
availability of preschool education - set of the guaranteed rights and opportunities for their realization taking into account specific features, requirements and opportunities of each child in receipt of preschool education;
preschool education - process and result of all-round development, education, training, socialization of children and forming at them necessary life skills and kompetentnost prior to receipt of primary education;
preschool division - structural division of the legal entity which core activity are educational activities in the field of preschool education;
organization of preschool education - organization of education which core activity are the educational activities in the field of preschool education realized based on the license for implementation of educational activities in the field of preschool education;
competence - the dynamic combination of knowledge, abilities, skills, methods of thinking, views, values, personal qualities determining capability of the child it is successful to be socialized and get formal, informal and informalny education;
the educational program - the document containing complex of educational components in all educational directions of state standard which realization shall provide achievement by pupils of the expected results of training and kompetentnost determined by this program;
the partial program - the document containing complex of educational components within one or several educational directions of state standard which realization shall provide achievement by pupils of the expected results of training and kompetentnost determined by such program;
results of training - knowledge, abilities, skills, mentalities, values, personal qualities acquired in development, education, training which the child is capable to show in time or after receipt of preschool education;
the subject of educational activities performing educational activities in the field of preschool education (further - the subject of educational activities), - the legal entity or the physical person - the entrepreneur, performing educational activities in the field of preschool education;
territorial availability - set of the conditions promoting providing the right of the child to receipt of preschool education at the expense of means of the corresponding local budget in the most available and brought closer to its residence institution of preschool education;
the servicing territory - the administrative and territorial unit (either its part or certain houses) determined and assigned by the relevant organ of local self-government (authorized by it body) to utility organization of preschool education for ensuring territorial availability;
quality of preschool education - compliance of results of training and kompetentnost of pupils to the results determined by state standard;
quality of educational activities - compliance of providing, the organization and realization of educational process to the requirements established by the legislation providing pupils of quality preschool education.
2. Other terms are used in this Law in the values given in the Law of Ukraine "About education" and other laws.
1. The legislation of Ukraine on preschool education consists of the Constitution of Ukraine, this law, the Law of Ukraine "About education", other regulatory legal acts, international treaties of Ukraine which consent to be bound is provided by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.
2. Subordinate regulatory legal acts cannot narrow content and amount of constitutional right on preschool education, and also the subjects of educational activities and the academic freedoms of participants of educational process determined by the law of autonomy.
Letters, instructions, explanations, methodical recommendations of executive bodies and local government bodies are not normative legal acts and cannot establish precepts of law, obligatory for accomplishment.
3. The subject of educational activities has the right to independently make decisions on any questions within the autonomy determined by this Law, the Law of Ukraine "About education" and/or constituent documents, in particular by the questions which are not settled by the legislation.
1. Operation of this Law extends to all subjects of educational activities, their founders, participants of educational process, governing bodies in the field of preschool education and other persons determined by this Law.
2. Provisions of this Law concerning organizations of preschool education extend also to preschool divisions of other legal entities of public or private law and the physical persons entrepreneurs performing educational activities in the field of preschool education except the provisions concerning exclusively legal entities or in which pattern of ownership of organization of preschool education is specified.
Provisions of this Law on the state and/or utility institutions of preschool education extend also to other state and/or utility educational institutions having preschool divisions.
Provisions of this Law on corporate organizations of preschool education extend also to other corporate educational institutions having preschool divisions.
Provisions of this Law on private institutions of preschool education extend also on other legal entities of private law having preschool divisions, and physical persons - entrepreneurs.
3. The provisions of this Law concerning parents extend also to other legal representatives of the child.
4. Provisions of this Law concerning the founder of organization of preschool education extend also to other founders of the relevant educational institution (in the presence) authorized by it (them) body (person) and also to founders of other subjects of educational activities or the bodies (persons) authorized by them.
1. The system of preschool education consists of subjects of educational activities, participants of educational process, governing bodies in the field of preschool education, personnel, scientific and methodical, financial, material, information and normative legal support of educational and management activity in the field of preschool education.
2. Scientific and methodical and information support of system of preschool education are performed according to this Law and the Law of Ukraine "About education".
1. State policy in the field of preschool education is determined by the Constitution of Ukraine, other normative legal acts, is created and implemented according to article 5 of the Law of Ukraine "About education".
2. State policy and educational activities in the field of preschool education are based on the principles and the principles determined by this Law and article 6 of the Law of Ukraine "About education".
3. Bases of state policy and the principles of educational activities in the field of preschool education also:
detotsentrizm and personally oriented approach to development of the child according to his specific features, requirements, interests, capabilities, talents and liberty of choice;
equal access to receipt of preschool education;
academic virtue;
academic freedom of pedagogical workers;
autonomy of subjects of educational activities (academic, personnel, organizational, financial);
priority of family education of the child, pedagogical partnership of family and organization of preschool education;
availability (including territorial), gratuitousness and secular nature of preschool education in the state and utility institutions of preschool education;
creation of conditions, in particular the inclusive or special educational circle, for receipt of preschool education by children with special educational needs taking into account features of their development and method and forms which are for them the most convenient and effective;
creation of the safe and healthy educational circle;
obligation of receipt of preschool education by children of the advanced preschool age according to state standard;
digitalization of management processes in the field of preschool education;
combination of joint and edinonachalny bases of management of institution of preschool education.
4. The relations between organizations of preschool education and public associations, political parties, the religious organizations are regulated by the legislation on preschool education, in particular article 31 of the Law of Ukraine "About education".
5. Public self-government and state and public management in the field of preschool education are performed according to this Law and article 70 of the Law of Ukraine "About education".
1. Basic stages of preschool education are determined on the basis of the age periodization of development of the child covering:
age of the baby (up to one year);
early age (from one to three years);
preschool age (from three to six - eight years):
younger preschool age (from three to four years);
middle preschool age (from four to five years);
the advanced preschool age (from five to six (seven) years (up to eight years - for children with special educational needs)).
2. Basic stages of preschool education are:
1) early age (from age of the baby up to three years);
2) preschool age (from three to six (seven/eight) years).
3. Children of the advanced preschool age shall get preschool education in one of the forms of receipt of preschool education determined by this Law.
1. Language of educational process in the field of preschool education is the state language.
The state guarantees to each child the right to preschool education in state language in the state and utility educational institutions.
2. Each organization of preschool education shall provide mastering pupils of state language according to state standard.
3. The right to preschool education in language of the corresponding indigenous people or corresponding ethnic minority (community) of Ukraine along with state language in the public and utility institutions of preschool education is guaranteed and provided to the children belonging to indigenous people or ethnic minorities (communities) of Ukraine which languages are official languages of the European Union.
The right in language of indigenous people or ethnic minority (community) of Ukraine is implemented by children of preschool education by creation according to statements of their parents of separate groups with implementation of educational process in the corresponding language along with state language and does not extend to groups with implementation of educational process in state language.
The group with implementation of educational process in language of indigenous people or ethnic minority (community) of Ukraine along with state language is created according to requirements of this Law.
The right to learn language of the corresponding indigenous people or ethnic minority (community) of Ukraine in the public, utility and corporate institutions of preschool education or through national cultural societies is guaranteed and provided to the children belonging to indigenous people or ethnic minorities (communities) of Ukraine.
4. The right to preschool education in the Ukrainian sign language is provided to children with hearing disorder.
5. The state promotes studying of languages of the international communication, first of all English, in the state and utility educational institutions.
6. Private subjects of educational activities, except those which receive public means have the right of the free choice of language of educational process (except for language which is the state (official) language of the state recognized by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine the state aggressor or the state invader) and shall provide mastering pupils of state language according to state standard.
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