FEDERAL LAW OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ

About social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation

Accepted by the State Duma of the Russian Federation on July 20, 1995

Approved by Council of the Russian Federation on November 15, 1995

This Federal Law determines state policy in the field of social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation which purpose is providing to disabled people of opportunities, equal with other citizens, in realization of the civil, economic, political and other laws and freedoms provided by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and also according to the conventional principles and rules of international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation.

The measures of social protection of disabled people provided by this Federal Law are payment commitments of the Russian Federation, except for the measures of social support and social servicing relating to powers of the government of subjects of the Russian Federation in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Chapter I. General provisions

Article 1. Concepts of the disabled person, handicapped child

The disabled person - person who has the violation of health with permanent disorder of functions of organism caused by diseases, effects of injuries or defects, leading to restriction of life activity and causing the necessity of its social protection. The handicapped child - the disabled person aged up to 18 years.

Life activity restriction - complete or partial loss by person of capability or opportunity to perform self-service, to independently move, be guided, communicate, to control the behavior, to study and be engaged in labor activity.

To person recognized as the disabled person:

1) depending on extent of disorders of functions of organism the group of disability, and to the specified person aged up to 18 years - category "handicapped child" is established (further also - the disabled person);

2) depending on structure and extent of disorders of functions of organism and restrictions of life activity of the disabled person for the purpose of application of the most effective approaches to recovery or compensation of the broken functions of organism and to elimination or compensation of restrictions of life activity of the disabled person for implementation of actions and rendering services in the main directions of complex rehabilitation and abilitation of disabled people the target rehabilitation group (several target rehabilitation groups is determined in case of combination of the different broken functions of organism and restrictions of life activity).

Recognition of person by the disabled person is performed by federal institution of medico-social examination. The procedure and conditions of recognition of person by the disabled person are established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 2. Concept of social protection of disabled people

Social protection of disabled people - system of the economic, legal measures and measures of social support providing to disabled people of condition for overcoming, substitution (compensation) of restrictions of life activity and opportunities of participation in life of society, equal with other citizens, directed to creation to them guaranteed by the state.

Social support of disabled people - the system of measures providing social guarantees to disabled people, established by the laws and other regulatory legal acts, except for provision of pensions.

Within ensuring social protection of disabled people for the purpose of disability prevention to the children from the birth up to three years having restrictions of life activity or risk of development of restrictions of life activity, and the early help according to article 9.3 of this Federal Law is provided to their families.

Article 3. Legislation of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people

The legislation of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people consists of relevant provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, this Federal Law, other Federal Laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, and also the laws and other regulatory legal acts of subjects of the Russian Federation.

If the international treaty (agreement) of the Russian Federation establishes other rules than provided by this Federal Law, then rules of the international treaty (agreement) are applied.

The decisions of interstate bodies made based on provisions of international treaties of the Russian Federation in their interpretation contradicting the Constitution of the Russian Federation are not subject to execution in the Russian Federation. Such contradiction can be established according to the procedure, determined by the Federal constitutional Law.

Article 3.1. Inadmissibility of discrimination on the basis of disability

In the Russian Federation discrimination on the basis of disability is not allowed. For the purposes of this Federal Law discrimination on the basis of disability is understood as any distinction, exception or restriction on the disability reason, by the purpose or which derogation or denial of recognition, realization or implementation on an equal basis with others is result of all rights and freedoms of man and citizen guaranteed in the Russian Federation in political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other sphere.

Article 4. Powers of federal bodies of the government in the field of social protection of disabled people

In the field of social protection of disabled people treat powers of federal bodies of the government:

1) determination of state policy concerning disabled people;

2) acceptance of regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation about social protection of disabled people (including regulating procedure and conditions of provision to disabled people of single federal minimum of measures of social protection); state control (supervision) of execution of requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people;

3) the conclusion of international treaties (agreements) of the Russian Federation concerning social protection of disabled people;

3. 1) establishment of general approaches to the organization of complex rehabilitation and abilitation of disabled people, the early help to children and their families, the accompanied accommodation of disabled people;

4) establishment of the general principles of the organization and implementation of medico-social examination and rehabilitation, abilitation of disabled people;

5) determination of criteria, establishment of conditions for recognition of person by the disabled person;

5. 1) determination of indications for implementation of actions and rendering services in the separate main directions of complex rehabilitation and abilitation of disabled people for the purpose of development and implementation of the individual program of rehabilitation and abilitation of the disabled person and criteria for evaluation of its efficiency;

5. 2) determination of the list of target rehabilitation groups and criteria of reference of the disabled person to them;

6) establishment in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation about technical regulation of mandatory requirements to the technical means of rehabilitation, means of communication and information sciences providing availability to disabled people of living environment;

7) ceased to be valid according to the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of 18.07.2019 No. 184-FZ

8) ceased to be valid according to the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of 18.07.2019 No. 184-FZ

9) development and implementation of state programs of the Russian Federation in the field of social protection of disabled people, control of their execution;

10) approval and financing of the federal list of rehabilitation actions, technical means of rehabilitation and the services provided to the disabled person;

10. 1) approval of methodical recommendations about questions of complex rehabilitation and abilitation of disabled people, the early help to children and their families, the accompanied accommodation of disabled people, the unified documentation forms when rendering services in the separate main directions of complex rehabilitation and abilitation of disabled people and rules of the statistical recording, standard regulations on the separate organization types rendering services in the main directions of complex rehabilitation and abilitation of disabled people;

10. 2) approval of standard additional professional programs in the field of medico-social examination, complex rehabilitation and abilitation of disabled people, the early help to children and their families, the accompanied accommodation of disabled people, except for medical rehabilitation and sanatorium treatment;

10. 3) development and approval of standards of rendering services in the separate main directions of complex rehabilitation and abilitation of disabled people;

11) creation of federal institutions of medico-social examination, control of their activities;

12) ceased to be valid since January 1, 2005;

12. 1) creation of conditions for carrying out independent quality evaluation of conditions of rendering services of medico-social examination by federal institutions;

13) coordination of scientific research, financing of research and development works on problems of disability and disabled people;

14) development of methodical documents concerning social protection of disabled people;

15) ceased to be valid since January 1, 2005;

16) assistance in work of the all-Russian public associations of disabled people and rendering help to them;

17) ceased to be valid since January 1, 2005;

18) ceased to be valid since January 1, 2005;

19) forming of indicators of the federal budget on expenses on social protection of disabled people;

20) establishment of single system of accounting of disabled people in the Russian Federation, including handicapped children, and the organization on the basis of this system of statistical observation of economic and social situation of disabled people and their demographic structure.

21) determination of the main requirements to equipment (equipment) of special workplaces for employment of disabled people taking into account the broken functions and restrictions of their life activity;

22) preparation of reports on measures, obligations of the Russian Federation assumed for accomplishment under the Convention on the rights of disabled people, according to the procedure, established by the Government of the Russian Federation;

23) other powers established according to this Federal Law.

Article 5. Participation of public authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation in ensuring social protection and social support of disabled people

Public authorities of subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of social protection and social support of disabled people have the right:

1) participations in realization of state policy concerning disabled people in the territories of subjects of the Russian Federation;

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