of February 22, 2006 No. 3458-IV
About approval of the Nation-wide development program of mineral resources of Ukraine for the period till 2010
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine decides:
1. Approve the Nation-wide development program of mineral resources of Ukraine for the period till 2010 it (is applied).
2. To the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine by preparation of drafts of the laws on the Government budget of Ukraine for the corresponding year to provide allocation of the appropriate means on implementation of actions determined by the specified Program.
3. This Law becomes effective since January 1, 2007.
President of Ukraine V. Yushchenko
Approved by the Law of Ukraine of February 22, 2006 No. 3458-IV
The nation-wide development program of mineral resources of Ukraine for the period till 2010 (further - the Program) is aimed at the development of the priority directions of geological researches for the purpose of providing economy of Ukraine with extremely scarce types of own mineral raw materials.
General condition and main problems of mineral resources of Ukraine
It is possible to perform overcoming crisis state in economy of Ukraine on the basis of its structural adjustment in short time only relying on resources of the state: labor and natural, fixed business assets, communications, etc. Effective use of mineral raw material resources will be important at the same time.
Mineral resources - set of the reconnoitered and previously estimated inventories of minerals and the accompanying components which can be applied in national economy industries.
The mineral and raw complex at the level of 1990 - provided 1991 23 - 25 percent of gross national product. 48 percent of industrial capacity of Ukraine and to 20 percent of its manpower are connected with production and use of minerals. These indicators approach indicators of developed countries with the powerful mining industry where concentrated from 20 to 40 percent of general investments and to 20 percent of manpower.
For January 1, 2005 the state stock balance of minerals considers about 8 thousand fields from 96 types of minerals, 3349 fields are developed by the industry, and on their base over 2 thousand mining companies function. The cost of explored reserves at the rate on soul of the population of Ukraine constitutes about 150 thousand dollars of the USA, and by estimates of the western experts - over 200 thousand dollars of the USA. Ukraine received more than a third of export revenue from realization of mineral and raw products.
Some minerals of Ukraine are provided by fields, unique on inventories and quality of raw materials, which are located in rather favorable conditions for creation of mining complexes.
In Ukraine in considerable amounts coal production (to 2 percent of world), iron (4 percent) and manganese (10 percent) ores, uranium, titanium, zirconium, germanium, graphite (4 percent), kaolin (18 percent), bromine, ochre, nonmetallic metallurgical raw materials (quartzites, flux limestones and dolomite), chemical raw materials (native sulfur, stone and potassium salts), facing stone (granites, gabbro, labradorit and other), glass sand, etc. is conducted. From subsoil of the state the hydrocarbonic raw material, brown coal, peat, cement raw materials, refractory and refractory clay, raw materials for production of building materials, iodine, bromine, various mineral waters, gemstones, piezoquartz and others are withdrawn. In rather insignificant amounts nickel ores, gold, scandium, hafnium, amber, zeolites, phosphatic raw materials, etc. are extracted.
With the different level of detail fields of minerals, nonconventional for Ukraine, - chrome, lead, zinc, copper, molybdenum, beryllium, lithium, tantalum, niobium, rare lands, fluorspar, apatite, combustible slates, bischofite, etc. are studied.
In modern conditions rates and scales of reproduction of own mineral resources do not satisfy need of the state. Amounts of exploration works were reduced because of lack of means by 3 - 4 times. Therefore since 1994 the surplus of explored reserves of the majority of the major minerals does not compensate their production. Effects of unweighted policy of the past have already nowadays an adverse effect on efficiency of economy. The analysis of situation and projections demonstrate that in the near future the situation can become complicated even more. The lack of separate types of own raw materials will progress if already now not to take drastic measures. Except traditional import of some non-ferrous and rare metals, the coked coal, magnesite, fluorspar there can be requirement of import of raw materials which were even exported earlier from Ukraine (native sulfur, high-quality gumboils, etc.).
Real opportunities on further stock gain of hydrocarbons, opening and investigation of fields of minerals, new to Ukraine, - gold, chrome, copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum, rare and rare-earth elements, lithium, niobium, tantalum, phosphorites, fluorite, kamnesamotsvetny raw materials and some other are in recent years confirmed. In them there is sharp requirement connected with need of creation of conditions under which the export potential of the state will increase.
Development of high technologies determines steady world tendency to increase in consumption of rare metals - "industry vitamins". Ukraine has opportunity to create powerful productions of this profile.
The export potential of mineral and raw complex can be increased in 1, - - 2 times, import of mineral raw materials (without hydrocarbons) - to reduce by 60 - 70 percent. Generally it will give annual economy in 5 - 6 billion US dollars.
Also complex geological studying of the territory of Ukraine (considering also the water area of the Ukrainian part of the Black and Azov seas), natural and anthropogenous changes of the geological circle in the monitoring mode is important.
Taking into account universal tendencies in use of minerals the main problematic issues of mineral resources contact the following factors:
the value and nonregenerability of natural mineral resources determine need of their rational and economical use. Intensive methods of production, conversion and consumption of minerals on the basis of the latest developments of science and technology are the integral component of universal technical revolution. Development of high-quality metallurgy as means of increase in durability and durability of metal products leads to reduction of production of raw materials per unit of gross national product. The same causes implementation of more effective technologies of conversion of mineral raw materials, increase in release of metals from secondary raw materials, economy of energy and energy resources, implementation of synthetic materials as metal substitutes, etc.;
scientific and technical progress in all subindustries of mineral and raw complex and fierce competition between his producers in the countries with market economy do not give the chance, contrary to all forecasts, to pass to active use of poorer ores. On the contrary, in the last 10 - 20 years in these countries the tendency to unconditional production and conversion of the richest ores of the majority of types of mineral raw materials is observed;
despite more and more complete and rational use of the extracted mineral raw materials and products of its conversion, total amount of its consumption in the countries of market economy though slow rates, but continues to grow. Experience of developed countries (Japan, the USA, South Korea, Italy and others) demonstrates that increase in general level of social and economic development inevitably is followed by the increased consumption of natural mineral raw materials. Its level per capita slowly, but constantly grows, and this tendency, by estimates of specialists, will remain in the next decades. Therefore these countries continue to increase investments into geological investigation in the territories and in the territories of developing countries;
the analysis of world tendencies for the last 7 - 10 years demonstrates that at the highest rates production and consumption of energy resources, the alloying metals and separate types of non-ferrous and rare metals, precious metals and diamonds, raw materials for agricultural industry continue to grow in the world.
The purpose of the Program is development of strategy and the action plan directed to reduction of dependence of Ukraine on import of mineral raw materials, scarce for national economy, and strengthening of the export potential of the country at the expense of the domestic minerals having great demand in the world market.
The main objectives of program implementation are determined by the following priority directions of development of mineral resources (on its components):
Gas, oil, condensate
Within the territory of Ukraine 4 oil-and-gas provinces which consist of 11 areas and 35 oil-and-gas perspective areas are allocated. Further three oil-and-gas regions are considered: East (The Dnieper and Donetsk hollow and northwest part of Donbass), Western (the Volyno-Podolsky plate, Prikarpatye, the Carpathians and Transcarpathia) and Youzhny (Black Sea Coast, the Crimea and within exclusive (sea) economic zone of the Black and Azov seas).
The state stock balance of minerals considers inventories of oil, gas and gas condensate on 355 fields. Their main quantity (207) concentrated in East region, 106v Western, 42 - in Youzhny.
The size of annual hydrocarbon production in recent years on average constituted 4 million tons of oil with condensate and 18 billion cubic meters of gas that equally in respectively 10 and 20 percent consumed by the country.
For January 1, 2005 the got hydrocarbon resources in quantity of 9322,7 of one million tons of conditional fuel, from them oil with condensate - 1643,4 of one million tons and gas - 7479,3 of one billion cubic meters are counted nachalno. Considerable part (27 percent) of hydrocarbon resources of Ukraine is concentrated on big (5 - 7 kilometers) depths. For the beginning of 2005 25 percent are extracted and 37 percent of initial resources are reconnoitered. Thus, the level of realization of resources constitutes 37 percent. The residual not reconnoitered resources which are base of development of exploration works and oil and gas production in the years ahead constitute 5468 million tons of conditional fuel.
According to optimal variant of development of exploration works in the territory of Ukraine it is planned to develop till 2010 almost 167,2 of one million tons of conditional fuel both at the expense of the available fund of objects, and due to development of new objects of the increased quality.
In East region for providing surplus of explored reserves in full and creations of reliable reserve for further works it is necessary to prepare 270 new objects with a total area of 4340 square kilometers and to reveal 290 new objects.
In the Western region for providing stock gain in full and creations of reliable reserve for further works it is necessary to reveal search and geophysical works of 30 objects and to prepare 25 objects with a total area of 370 square kilometers. About 10 more objects are planned to be revealed and 5 to prepare on review of geologic-geophysical materials.
In the Southern region (land) it is provided to reveal 12 and to prepare 10 new objects with a total area of 130 square kilometers.
Within exclusive (sea) economic zone of the Black and Azov seas on optimal variant it is provided to reveal 73 and to prepare 55 new high-perspective objects with a total area of 1580 square kilometers. It will give the chance to provide rational placement of the planned amounts of explorative drilling, and also will create reliable premises for further development of exploration works.
The main objective of this direction is the stock gain: free gas - 145,9 of one billion cubic meters and oil - 21,30 of one million tons.
Coal
If to consider that Ukraine consumes mainly the imported resources of oil and gas and has limited consumption of other types of energy, further decrease in coal production becomes dangerous. Increase in coal mining requires the considerable amounts of financing.
The amount of the coal extracted in Ukraine constantly decreases - from 218 million tons in 1976 to 80 million tons in 2005 (for 63 percent).
The main objectives of this direction are:
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