PRESIDENTIAL DECREE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

of December 3, 2003 No. 1241

About the Concept of ecological safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2004-2015

For the purpose of providing ecological safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan and determination of complex of the state measures for sustainable ecological development of the country I DECIDE:

1. Approve the enclosed Concept of ecological safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2004-2015 (further - the Concept).

2. To the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan in two-month time to develop and approve the actions plan for 2004-2006 on implementation of the Concept.

3. To state bodies of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the activities to be guided by Concept provisions.

4. Recognize the voided Concept of ecological safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan approved by the order of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan of April 30, 1996 N 2967 (SAPP of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 1996, No. 18, the Art. 149).

5. This Decree becomes effective from the date of signing.

Approved by the Presidential decree of the Republic of Kazakhstan of December 3, 2003 No. 1241

The concept of ecological safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2004-2015

1. General provisions

1.1. Condition and problems of ecological safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Years of independence in Kazakhstan became years of education and formation of absolutely new state system of providing ecological safety, management of environmental protection and environmental management - well organized and territorially branched system of executive bodies in the field of environmental protection of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It provided forming and consecutive realization of state policy in the field of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources.

However for many decades in Kazakhstan there was mainly raw system of environmental management with extremely high technogenic loads of the environment. Therefore cardinal improvement of ecological situation did not happen yet and it is still characterized by degradation of natural systems that leads to destabilization of the biosphere, to loss of its capability to maintain the quality of the environment necessary for life activity of society.

The foundation of state policy in the field of environmental protection was laid in the Concept of the ecological safety approved by the order of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on April 30, 1996 where ecological priorities of transition period, in particular environmental problems of privatization, questions of need of creation of system of the nature protection legislation, the state control and examination, economic mechanisms of environmental management, monitoring of the environment were considered.

Reforming of all industries of national economy became basis of change of the relation to use of natural resources, implementation of social and economic development taking into account preserving the environment.

From the moment of adoption of this Concept in the Republic of Kazakhstan there were serious changes in social development. Strategic documents of development of the state are developed, the basis of the nature protection legislation is created, number of international conventions concerning environmental protection is signed, the management system is created by nature protection activities.

So, in 1997 the laws "About Environmental Protection", "About Especially Protected Natural Territories", "About Environmental Assessment", in 1998 - "About radiation safety", in 2002 - the Law "About Protection of Atmospheric Air" are adopted. In the field of rational environmental management - the presidential decrees which are valid the law, "About subsoil and subsurface use" (1996) and "About oil" (1995) in 2003 Lesnoy, Water and Land codes. The majority of necessary subordinate regulatory legal acts is developed and approved.

For the purpose of enhancement of the legislation in the republic it is headed for rapprochement with the legislation of developed countries and implementation of international standards. The Republic of Kazakhstan signs 19 international conventions and the national plans of action for their realization are developed. The system of environmental assessment, allowing and control and inspection work is adjusted.

As a result of accomplishment of tasks of the Concept rates of environmental pollution in comparison with the beginning of the 90th years due to strengthening of the state control in the field of environmental protection and implementation of obligatory environmental assessment are considerably reduced. However, the statehood with ecologically vulnerable territory and unresolved environmental problems still remains.

Due to the above conceptual review, refining and job enrichment of providing ecological safety are provided in modern conditions according to strategic priorities of the country.

In the new Concept solutions of unrealized tasks are offered. Among them: ensuring the advancing development of scientific research in the most important problems of ecological safety and steady environmental management, including fundamental; introduction of single system of monitoring of state of environment; ecological division into districts and special mapping of the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

1.2. Relevance of development and priorities of the Concept of ecological safety for 2004-2015

The international experience shows that basis of the successful solution of environmental problems and prevention of environmental disasters is ecologization of social and economic system of any state.

The ecological safety as component of homeland security is the compulsory provision of sustainable development and acts as basis of preserving natural systems and maintenance of the corresponding quality of the environment.

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