LAW OF TURKMENISTAN

of August 15, 2009 No. 51-IV

About education

This Law governs the public relations in the field of education, determines the basic principles of state policy in the field of education, and also the purposes, tasks, functions of education system and procedure for management of its activities.

Chapter I. General provisions

Article 1. Concept of education

The right to education is one of the basic and inherent constitutional rights of citizens of Turkmenistan.

Education enhancement as bases of spiritual, social, economic and cultural progress of society constitutes the priority direction of development of Turkmenistan.

In this Law education is determined as the purposeful and systematic activities setting as the purpose requirements satisfaction of the person, society, state in education and training.

Article 2. The principles of state policy in the field of education

State policy in the field of education is based on the following principles:

1) equal rights of each person in complete realization of its capabilities and talent;

2) humanistic nature of education, priority of universal values, life and health of the person, free development of the personality;

3) organic communication of education with national history, culture and traditions of the people of Turkmenistan;

4) education of civic consciousness and patriotism, diligence, respect for human rights and freedoms, love to the surrounding nature, family, Homeland;

5) general availability for each citizen of Turkmenistan of all types of the educational services provided by the state;

6) obligation of general secondary education for each citizen and his free of charge in state educational institutions;

7) continuity of education and succession of its steps;

8) varieties of forms of education and educational institutions on types, types and patterns of ownership;

9) integration of education system with science and production and its interactions with education systems of other countries;

10) secular nature of the state education system and its department from the religious organizations.

Article 3. The legislation of Turkmenistan in the fields of education and its tasks

1. The legislation of Turkmenistan on education is based on the Constitution of Turkmenistan and consists of this Law, other laws and other regulatory legal acts regulating questions of education.

2. Tasks of the legislation of Turkmenistan in the field of education are:

- providing and protection of constitutional right of citizens of Turkmenistan on education;

- creation of legal guarantees for continued operation and educational development of Turkmenistan;

- differentiation of competence of the field of education between public authorities and governing bodies of formation of different levels;

- determination of the rights, obligations, powers and responsibility of legal entities and physical persons in the fields of education, and also legal regulation of their relations in the field.

Article 4. The state guarantees of the rights of citizens of Turkmenistan in the field of education

1. To citizens of Turkmenistan the possibility of education irrespective of floor, races is guaranteed, to nationality, language, origin, the residence, the relation to religion, beliefs, age, the state of health, social, property and official capacity.

On the bases of sex, age and the state of health by the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan restrictions for education by separate professions and specialties proceeding from conditions of their substitution and job requirements on them, and also forms of education can be set.

2. The state provides to citizens right to education by creation of education system and the corresponding social and economic conditions for education.

3. The state guarantees to citizens general availability and free of charge preschool and general secondary education in state educational institutions, and also on competitive basis - general availability and free of charge professional education in state educational institutions if the citizen gets professional education of this step for the first time, according to the procedure, provided by this Law.

4. For the purpose of realization of right to education of the citizens needing social support, the state incurs expenses on their content during receipt of education by them. Categories of citizens to which this support is provided procedure and the amount of its provision are established by the legislation of Turkmenistan.

5. The state creates to the citizens with limited opportunities of health that is having shortcomings of physical and (or) mental development, conditions for receipt by them of education, corrections of violations of development and social adaptation on the basis of special pedagogical approaches.

6. The state renders assistance in education by the citizens who showed outstanding capabilities including by means of provision of special state grants by it, including grants for training abroad. Criteria and procedure for provision of such grants are established by the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan.

Article 5. Languages of training and education

1. Languages of training and education in educational institutions are determined according to the legislation of Turkmenistan.

2. Turkmen as state is the main language of training and education in educational institutions of all types, irrespective of their patterns of ownership.

All educational institutions shall provide training in state language of Turkmenistan.

3. The state renders assistance to citizens of Turkmenistan in studying of the native language according to the legislation of Turkmenistan.

4. In Turkmenistan according to the legislation and international treaties of Turkmenistan educational institutions of foreign states or joint with them in which the main language of training will be the corresponding foreign language (languages) can be created.

The state language of Turkmenistan in such educational institutions is applied to teaching the subject matters entering national component of the educational program.

5. The state promotes mastering citizens of Turkmenistan foreign languages in educational institutions of all types, irrespective of patterns of ownership.

The learning of foreign languages joins in general education and professional programs as obligatory objects.

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