Approved by the decision of Council of heads of Customs Services of the State Parties of the Commonwealth of Independent States of June 22, 2012, No. 5/55

EXPLANATIONS TO THE SINGLE COMMODITY NOMENCLATURE OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES (THE COMMODITY NOMENCLATURE OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF THE CIS) (VOLUME 5 THE SECTIONS XVI-XXI OF GROUP 85 - 97)

REDUCINGS AND SYMBOLS

Бк       |беккерель
В        |вольт
Вт       |ватт
г        |грамм
Гц       |герц
ГГц      |гигагерц
дтекс    |внесистемная   единица  линейной  плотности  волокон  или  нитей,
|равная отношению их массы к длине. 1 дтекс = 10 мг/м
ИК       |инфракрасный
К        |кельвин
кВА      |киловольт-ампер
квар     |киловольт-ампер реактивный
кВт      |киловатт
кГц      |килогерц
кг       |килограмм
кгс      |килограмм-сила
км       |километр
кН       |килоньютон
кПа      |килопаскаль
ккал     |килокалория
л        |литр
м        |метр
мас.%    |процент содержания по массе
МГц      |мегагерц
м-       |мета
м2       |квадратный метр
мг       |миллиграмм
мм       |миллиметр
мкКи     |микрокюри
мН       |миллиньютон
Н        |ньютон
об.%     |процент содержания по объему
о-       |орто
п-       |пара
ПерТ     |переменный ток
ПостТ    |постоянный ток
с        |секунда
сг       |сантиграмм
см       |сантиметр
см2      |квадратный сантиметр
см3      |кубический сантиметр
сН       |сантиньютон
эВ       |электрон-вольт
шC       |градус Цельсия
ASTM     |Американское Общество испытания материалов
INN      |International  Nonproprietary  Name, Международное  несобственное
|название
INNM     |International   Nonproprietary   Name   Modified,   Международное
|модифицированное несобственное название
ISO      |International   Organization for  Standardization,  Международная
| организация по стандартизации
IUPAC    |International  Union  of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Международный
|союз теоретической и прикладной химии (ИЮПАК)
%        |процент

Examples

1500 г/м2|одна тысяча пятьсот грамм на метр квадратный
1000 м/с |одна тысяча метров в секунду
15 шC    |пятнадцать градусов Цельсия

Section XVI.

Group 85. Electrical machines and equipment, their parts; the sound recording and sound-reproducing equipment, the equipment for record and reproduction of the television image and sound, their part and accessory

Notes:

1. - Do not join in this group:

(a) blankets, mattresses, pillows, hot-water bottles for legs, with electroheating or similar products; the clothes, footwear or earphones or other objects with electroheating used by the person;

(b) glass products of goods item 70.11;

(d) the vacuum devices used in the medical, surgical, dental or veterinary fields of science (goods item 90.18); or

(e) furniture with electroheating of group 94.

2. - Goods items 85.01 - 85.04 do not join goods of goods item 85.11, 85.12, 85.40, 85.41 or 85.42.

However mercury-arc rectifiers with metal reservoirs turn on in goods item 85.04.

3. - The goods item 85.09 joins only the following types of the electromechanical machines which are usually used in house use:

(a) floor polishers, grinders of foodstuff, mixers and juice extractors for fruit or vegetables having any weight;

(b) other machines weighing no more than 20 kg.

However this goods item does not turn on fans or ventilating or recirculation exhaust caps or cases with the fan, with filters or without filters (goods item 84.14), centrifugal clothes dryers (goods item 84.21), dishwashers (goods item 84.22), household washing machines (goods item 84.50), roll or other ironing machines (goods item 84.20 or 84. 51), sewing machines (goods item 84.52), electric scissors (goods item 84.67) or electric heaters (goods item 85.16).

4. - In goods item 85.23:

(a) "solid-state non-volatile devices of data storage" (for example, "cards of fleshpamyata" or "cards electronic flash memory") mean the data storage devices with the connecting socket containing in one case one or several devices flash memory (for example, "flesh-ES PPZU") in the form of the integrated circuits established on the printed circuit board. They can turn on in the structure the controller in the form of the integrated circuit and discrete passive components, such as condensers and resistors;

(b) the term "smart cards" means cards which have one or several electronic integrated circuits (the microprocessor, the memory device with any selection (ZUPV) or the read-only memory (ROM)) in the form of crystals. These cards can have contacts, magnetic strip or the built-in antenna, but they do not contain any other active or passive elements.

5. - In goods item 85.34 term "printed circuits" mean the schemes executed by forming on the isolating substrate by means of any process of seal (for example, galvanization, etching) or by means of "film" technology of conductors, contacts or other printing elements (for example, induktivnost, resistors, reservoirs), the separate or connected in certain procedure, except for elements which are capable to create, straighten, modulate or strengthen electric signal (for example, semiconductor elements).

The term "printed circuits" does not include the scheme integrated with elements, other than those which are received in the course of printing, and also separate discrete resistors, condensers or inductance. However printed circuits can be equipped with the connecting elements made on other, than printing, technologies.

Thinly - or thick-film schemes in which the passive and active elements received during the same engineering procedure are used join in goods item 85.42.

6. - In goods item 85.36 term "connectors for fibers of optical, fiber-optical plaits or cables" mean connectors which just mechanically connect the ends of optical fibers in system of the digital communication line. They do not perform any other functions, such as strengthening, recovery or change of signal.

7. - The goods item 85.37 does not turn on wireless infrared devices for remote control of television receivers or other electric equipment (goods item 85.43).

8. - In goods items 85.41 and 85.42:

(a) "diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices" mean semiconductor devices which operation is based on change of their resistance under the influence of electric field;

(b) "schemes electronic integral":

(i) monolithic integrated circuits in which scheme elements (diodes, transistors, resistors, condensers, inductance, etc.) are carried out in weight (mainly) and on the surface of the semiconductor or complex semi-conductor material (for example, the alloyed silicon, gallium arsenide, selikogermaniye, indium phosphide) and are inseparably connected;

(ii) hybrid integrated circuits in which the passive elements (resistors, condensers, inductance, etc.) executed by means of processes thinly - or thick-film technology, and active elements (diodes, transistors, monolithic integrated circuits, etc.) received by means of processes of semiconductor technology unite in single inseparable whole by means of interelement connections or connecting cables on one isolating substrate (glass, ceramics, etc.). Such schemes may contain also discrete components;

(iii) the multichip integrated circuits consisting of two or the monolithic integrated circuits inseparably united in whole which were more connected among themselves located or not located on one or several isolating substrates, having or not having the framework with conclusions but which is not containing any other active or passive elements.

In case of classification of the products specified in this note goods items 85.41 and 85.42 have advantage before any other goods item of the Nomenclature which can include these products in compliance, in particular, with their function, except for goods item 85.23.

9. - In goods item 85.48 "the fulfilled primary elements fulfilled primary batteries and fulfilled electric accumulators" turn on devices as unsuitable to the appointment owing to damages, wear or for other reasons, and those which cannot be recharged.

The note to subline item:

1. The subline item 8527.12 includes only cassette players with the built-in amplifier, without the built-in loudspeaker, capable to work without external source of power supply, with the sizes which are not exceeding 170 x 100 x 45 mm.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

(A) COVERAGE AND CREATION OF GROUP

This group turns on all electrical machines and the equipment, except:

(a) the machines and the equipment entering into group 84, which are classified there even if they electric (see general provisions to group 84); and

(b) the certain products excluded from this Section in general (see general provisions to the Section XVI).

Unlike the rules used in group 84, goods of this group join even here if they are made of ceramics or flew down, except for glass cylinders (including flasks and tubes) goods item 70.11.

This group includes:

(1) Machines and installations for production, transformations or accumulations of the electric power, that is generators, transformers, etc. (goods items 85.01 - 85.04), and primary elements (goods item 85.06), and accumulators (goods item 85.07).

(2) Some household machines (goods item 85.09) and electrorazors, machines for hairstyle of hair and the device for removal of hair (goods item 85.10).

(3) Some machines and devices which operation is based on the properties and the phenomena connected with electricity such as the electromagnetic phenomena, thermal properties, etc. (goods items 85.05, 85.11 - 85.18, 85.25 - 85.31 and 85.43).

(4) Sound recording or sound-reproducing equipment and devices; the video writing down or video reproducing equipment; parts and accessories to such equipment and devices (goods items 85.19 - 85.22).

(5) Carriers for sound recording or similar record of other phenomena (including video carriers, but excepting photo or film of group 37) (goods items 85.23).

(6) Some electrotechnical products which, as a rule, independently are not applied, but are expected accomplishment of certain function as components in the electrotechnical equipment, for example, condensers (goods item 85.32), switches, fuses, connecting boxes, etc. (goods item 85.35 or 85. 36), lamps (goods item 85.39), other lamps and tubes, electronic with thermocathodes (goods item 85.40), diodes, transistors and similar semiconductor devices (goods item 85.41), electrodes coal (goods item 85.45).

(7) Some products and materials applied in the electrotechnical equipment and the equipment owing to their the carrying-out or isolating properties, such as the isolated electric wires and assemblies of them (goods item 85.44), insulators (goods item 85.46), the isolating armature and metal tubes with internal facing from insulating material (goods item 85.47).

In addition to the electrotechnical products stipulated above this group also joins permanent magnets, including such which are not magnetized yet, and also the working fixing devices on permanent magnets for the processed details (goods item 85.05).

However it should be noted that this group joins only certain types of the electrothermal equipment, for example, of the furnace, etc. (goods item 85.14), electric equipment of heating of space, household appliances, etc. (goods item 85.16).

Further it should be noted that some electronic modules of memory (for example, SIMM (memory modules with single-row conclusions) and DIMM (memory modules with two-row conclusions)) which cannot be considered as goods of goods item 85.23 and which have no other individual function shall be classified based on the note 2 to the Section XVI as follows:

(a) modules, held for use only or generally with computers, shall be classified in goods item 84.73 as parts of these machines,

(b) modules, held for use only or generally with other specific machines or with several machines of one goods item, shall be classified as part of these machines or categories of machines, and

In general, however, the equipment with electroheating enters into other groups (generally in group 84), for example, coppers steam and water coppers with the boiler superheater (goods item 84.02), installations for air conditioning (goods item 84.15), the equipment for frying, distillation or other processes (the goods item 84.19), calenders or other roll machines for glassing and are shaky (goods item 84.20), incubators for poultry farming and brooders (goods item 84.36), machines of general purpose for branding of forest products, stopper, skin, etc. (goods item 84.79), the medical equipment (goods item 90.18).

(B) OF THE PART

As for parts in general - see general provisions to the Section XVI.

Not electric parts of machines or the equipment of this group are classified as follows:

(i) many of them actually represent the products included in other groups (especially in group 84), for example, pumps and fans (goods item 84.13 or 84. 14), cranes, gates, etc. (goods item 84.81), ball bearings (goods item 84.82), transmission shaft, tooth gearings, etc. (goods item 84.83);

(ii) the other not electric parts suitable for application only or generally with какойто certain electrical machine of this group (or with several machines of the same goods item), it is necessary to include with this machine (or these machines) or if it approaches, in goods item 85.03, 85.22, 85.29 or 85.38;

(iii) other not electric parts join in goods item 84.87.

85.01

85.01 - Engines and generators electric (except power generating sets):

8501.10 - engines capacity of no more 37,5 of W

8501.20 - universal engines of alternating/direct current capacity of more 37,5 of W - engines of direct current other; generators of direct current:

8501.31 - capacity no more than 750 W

8501.32 - capacity more than 750 W, but no more than 75 kW

8501.33 - capacity more than 75 kW, but no more than 375 kW

8501.34 - capacity more than 375 kW

8501.40 - engines of alternating current single-phase other - engines of alternating current multiphase other:

8501.51 - capacity no more than 750 W

8501.52 - capacity more than 750 W, but no more than 75 kW

8501.53 - capacity more than 75 kW - generators of alternating current (synchronous generators):

8501.61 - capacity no more than 75 kVA

8501.62 - capacity more than 75 kVA, but no more than 375 kVA

8501.63 - capacity more than 375 kVA, but no more than 750 kVA

8501.64 - capacity more than 750 kVA

(I) ELECTRIC MOTORS

Electric motors represent machines for transformation of electrical energy to mechanical. Engines of rotation and linear engines belong to this category.

(A) Engines of rotation are intended for development of mechanical energy in the form of rotary motion. They are issued many types and the sizes according to that, they work at direct or alternating current, and according to scope or the purpose for which they are created. The case of the engine can be designed taking into account specific conditions in which the engine (for example, dustproof, splash-proof or explosion-proof engines will work; the nonrigid bases for engines with belt drives or for the engines experiencing strong vibration in operating time).

Many engines can turn on the fan or any other device for their chilling in operating time.

Except for devices for launch of internal combustion engines (goods item 85.11), this goods item turns on electric motors of all types, from low-power engines for devices, hours, switches with the clockwork, sewing machines, toys, etc. to large-size powerful electric motors for rolling mills, etc.

Engines turn on in this goods item even if they are equipped with pulleys, tooth gearings or transmissions, or flexible shaft for the drive of hand tools.

This goods item turns on the boat "suspended motors" representing the aggregate which enter the electric motor, shaft, the rowing screw and wheel.

Synchronous motors for clockworks turn on in this goods item even if they have the tooth gearing; however such synchronous motors connected directly with the clockwork do not enter it (goods item 91.09).

(B) Linear engines are intended for development of mechanical energy in the form of rectilinear movement.

Induction linear engines consist of one or several primary elements including magnetic chains which, as a rule, have layered design (set of magnetic plates), on which there is coil, and from the secondary element made usually in the form of plate or profile of copper or aluminum.

These engines create driving force when in the presence of secondary element on primary alternating current moves. These two elements are separated from each other by air gap so progress (one element is not mobile, another moves) happens without mechanical contact.

Characteristics of linear induction engines depend on the purpose which achievement they are expected: the drive of trains on the airbag (primary elements determined in vehicles so that they cover rail (secondary element) fixed on the way); the drive of the equipment for overload of loose goods (the secondary plate established under the wheel cart moves through number of primary windings located between rails); the drive of aerial conveyers (the carts equipped with primary elements move under secondary profile); placement of vehicles in garages or in warehouses (secondary pallets move by means of primary elements established in flooring); management, for example, piston pumps and valves (this function can be performed by "polysolenoidal" linear engines in which the shaft (secondary element) moves returnable progressively in primary element of ring form); installation of details on the processing machines, etc.

The linear engines of direct current working by the principle of interaction of electromagnets or electromagnets and permanent magnets can be used as drive engines (that is to pumps with back and forth motion of the piston, as drives to dugout boats of weaving looms) as step engines (for example, in small conveyors), etc.

This type of the equipment also includes:

(1) Servomotors if they are represented separately, consisting generally of the electric motor with gear reducer and equipped with the device of the power transmission (for example, the lever, pulley) which is intended for management of provision of regulating authority in copper, in the furnace or other aggregate (and, perhaps, having manual emergency lock).

(2) the Engines selsyns having the stator with three windings located at an angle 120sh on the relation to each other and rotor with one winding connected to two contact rings for application in pairs (the selsyn sensor and the selsyn receiver), for example, in telemetric systems or systems of remote control.

(3) Drives of valves, electric, representing the electric motor with gear reducer and the leading shaft and in certain cases with different devices (electric starter, the transformer, flywheel, etc.) for the valve core drive.

(II) ELECTRIC GENERATORS

Here the machines developing the electric power at the expense of different power sources (mechanical, solar, etc.) enter provided that they are not covered more specifically by any other goods item of the Nomenclature.

There are two main categories of generators: generators of direct current (generators with self-excitation) and generators of alternating current (synchronous generators). In principle both types consist generally of the stator established in the case, and the rotating node (rotor) established in the stator on shaft given from primary engine. In generators of direct current on shaft of rotor the lamellar collector is established. The developed current gathers system of the coal brushes contacting to collector plates and is transferred to external chain. Generators of alternating current in most cases besshchetochny, and the current which they develop, is transferred directly to external chain. In other generators of alternating current the current gathers by means of the contact rings established on rotor shaft and is transferred by system of coal brushes in case of their friction about contact rings.

The stator, as a rule, represents system of electromagnets, but in some types of generators of direct current (magnetoelectric generators) the system of permanent magnets is applied. The rotor usually represents system of the rounds of wire mounted on the layered iron core, such system is known as anchor. In some types of generators of alternating current the rotating part is system of the field.

Electric generators can have the manual or foot drive, but usually they have primary engine (for example, hydraulic turbines, steam turbines, wind turbines, steam engines with back and forth motion of the piston, piston internal combustion engines). However this goods item turns on only such generators which are represented without primary engines.

The photo-electric generators representing the panel of photo cells in combination with other devices, for example, rechargeable batteries and electric organs of management (tension regulator, the inverter, etc.) and the panels or modules completed with simple elements (for example, diodes for regulation of the direction of current) which directly feed, for example, the engine or the electrolyzer also enter this goods item.

In such devices the electric power is made by solar elements which will transform solar energy directly in electric (photo-electric transformation).

All electric generators, including large generators for power plants also enter this goods item; small auxiliary generators for excitement of windings in other generators; the generators of different standard sizes used to power supply in the different purposes (for example, in courts, on the farms which are not connected to the power supply network in the chemical industry for electrolysis, and also in diesel electric trains).

Also do not join in this goods item:

(a) the drums or rollers containing the electric motor for belt or roller conveyers (goods item 84.31);

(b) vibration engines and electromagnetic vibrators of goods item 84.79 (see explanations to this goods item);

(d) generators of high voltage (goods item 85.04);

(e) primary elements and primary batteries (goods item 85.06);

(e) the generators (direct and alternating current) used in combination with internal combustion engines or to the electric lighting or signaling equipment used by bicycles or in motor vehicles (goods items 85.11 and 85. 12, respectively);

(g) the solar elements collected or not collected in the modules which are built in or are not built in in the panel, but are not completed however that was simple components for direct food of consumers, for example, of the engine, the electrolyzer (goods item 85.41);

(h) some electric devices sometimes called by generators, but which actually do not make the electric power, for example, generators of signals (goods item 85.43);

(i) group generators 90, for example, generators of x-ray emission (goods item 90.22); the generators intended for the demonstration purposes and not suitable for other purposes (goods item 90.23).

PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), parts of machines of this goods item turn on in goods item 85.03.

85.02

85.02 - Power generating sets and the rotating electric converters: - power generating sets with the piston internal combustion engine with ignition from compression (diesel or semi-diesel):

8502.11 - capacity no more than 75 kVA

8502.12 - capacity more than 75 kVA, but no more than 375 kVA

8502.13 - capacity more than 375 kVA

8502.20 - power generating sets with the piston internal combustion engine with spark ignition - power generating sets other:

8502.31 - wind power

8502.39 - others

8502.40 - the electric rotating converters

(I) POWER GENERATING SETS

The term "generating installations" belongs to combination of the electric generator and any primary engine, except the electric motor (for example, hydraulic turbines, steam turbines, wind turbines, steam engines with back and forth motion of the piston, internal combustion engines). The generating installations representing the generator and primary engine which are mounted (or are intended for installation) together as the single aggregate or on the general basis (see general provisions to the Section XVI), join in this goods item provided that they are delivered together (even if for convenience when transporting they are packed separately).

Power generating sets for the welding equipment belong to this goods item when they are delivered separately and without welding heads or welding devices. However they do not join in this goods item (goods item 85.15) when they are delivered together with the welding heads or welding devices.

(II) THE ROTATING ELECTRIC CONVERTERS

Represent combination of electric generator and primary engine which represents the electric motor, constantly mounted on the general basis though in certain cases both of these functions unite in one aggregate, and some windings are general. Are applied to transformation of nature of current (for transformation of alternating current in permanent and vice versa) or for change of certain parameters, such as tension, frequency or phase of alternating current (for transformation, for example, of the frequency of 50 Hz in 200 Hz or for transformation of single-phase current to three-phase). Other type of the rotating converter (sometimes referred to as with the rotating transformer) is applied to transformation of direct current of one tension to direct current of other tension.

PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), parts of machines of this goods item turn on in goods item 85.03.

8503

85.03 - The parts intended only or generally for machines of goods item 85.01 or 85.02.

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), this goods item turns on parts of machines of two previous goods items. Enter very wide range of the parts getting here:

(1) casings and cases, stators, rotors, contact rings, groups of contact rings, brush holders, coils of windings of excitement;

(2) electric plates and plates, except for plates and plates square or rectangular shape.

85.04

85.04 - Transformers are electric, static electric converters (for example, rectifiers), coils of inductance and throttles:

8504.10 - ballast elements for gas-discharge lamps or tubes - transformers with liquid dielectric:

8504.21 - capacity no more than 650 kVA

8504.22 - capacity more than 650 kVA, but no more than 10 000 kVA

8504.23 - capacity more than 10 000 kVA - transformers other:

8504.31 - capacity no more than 1 kVA

8504.32 - capacity more than 1 kVA, but no more than 16 kVA

8504.33 - capacity more than 16 kVA, but no more than 500 kVA

8504.34 - capacity more than 500 kVA

8504.40 - converters static

8504.50 - coils of inductance and throttles other

8504.90 - parts

(I) ELECTRIC TRANSFORMERS

Electric transformers represent devices which without any moving parts will transform by means of induction and using strictly customized or regulated system alternating current with one parameters to alternating current with other parameters (with other tension, other complete resistance, etc.). As a rule, transformers represent two or more coils of the isolated wire, in different configurations which is reeled up on lamellar iron cores though in certain cases (for example, in radio-frequency transformers) can not be the magnetic core or the core can be executed from the agglomerated powdered fraction of iron, ferrite, etc. Alternating current of one coil (primary chain) initiates alternating current usually of other force and tension in other coils (secondary chain). In certain cases (autotransformers) there is only one coil, and part of its winding is general for primary and secondary chains. In armored transformers around the transformer there is casing from lamellar steel.

Some transformers are intended for specific purposes, for example, the approving transformers for review of the complete resistance of one chain with another and measuring instrument transformers (transformers of current and tension, the combined measuring transformers) used to lowering or increase in tension or current to level of the equipment connected to them, for example, of measuring devices, electric counters or protective relays.

This goods item joins all types of transformers. They can be from ballast for management of the current proceeding through gas-discharge lamps or tubes, small, applied in radio receivers, devices, toys, etc., to the powerful aggregates concluded in oil reservoirs or completed with radiators, fans, etc. for chilling. Powerful aggregates are used at power plants, the distribution stations or substations. Frequency can fluctuate from the frequency of network to very high radio frequencies. This goods item turns on the symmetrizing transformers which reduce electromagnetic hindrances at the expense of impedance equilibration in two-conductor lines.

Capacity of the transformer is determined as useful power in kilovolt-amperes in the stationary mode with rated secondary voltage (or current when it is fair), and also with nominal frequency and without exceeding of nominal restrictions on temperature.

The transformers for the electrowelding equipment delivered separately without welding heads or welding devices turn on in this goods item. However they do not join in it (goods item 85.15) when they are delivered together with welding heads or welding devices.

This goods item also turns on induction coils, that is some kind of transformers in which the intermittent or changing direct current in primary elements initiates the corresponding current in secondary. They can be applied or to increase tension to higher value, or, as in telephone communication to reproduce in secondary chains the weak fluctuations of current corresponding to the fluctuations imposed on direct current in the set mode in primary chain. This goods item turns on induction coils of all types, except for the equipment for ignition of internal combustion engines (goods item 85.11).

(II) STATIC ELECTRIC CONVERTERS

The equipment of this type is used to transformation of the electric power to the parameters necessary for its further use. It includes reformative elements (for example, lamps) different types. It can have also different auxiliary devices (for example, transformers, induction coils, resistors, controllers, etc.). The principle of work is that reformative elements can alternately be effective: as conductors, as current nonconductors.

The fact that this equipment often includes additional chains for regulation of tension of output current does not influence its classification in this group; in the same way it is not influenced also that it sometimes is considered as the regulator of tension or current.

Treat this equipment:

(A) The rectifiers transforming alternating current (one - or multiphase) in direct current that usually is followed by voltage variation.

(B) the Inverters transforming direct current to variable.

(C) Converters of alternating current and converters of frequency by means of which alternating current (one - or multiphase) will be transformed to current of other frequency or tension.

() Converters of direct current by means of which the direct current will be transformed to current of other tension.

Electric static converters can be subdivided into the following main categories according to type of reformative element with which they are completed:

(1) the Semiconductor converters based on the phenomenon of unilateral conductivity between certain crystals. Such converters represent the semiconductor (converting element) plus different other devices (for example, radiators, tape conductors, drives, regulators, managing chains).

They include:

(a) single-crystal semiconductor rectifiers in which as converting element the device containing crystals of silicon or germanium (the diode, thyristor, the transistor) is used;

(b) polycrystalline semiconductor rectifiers in which the disk from selenium is applied.

(2) Gas-discharge converters, such, as:

(a) mercury-arc rectifiers. Their converting element represents glass cover or the metal vacuum case in which there is mercury cathode and one or several anodes via which the straightened current is passed. They are completed with auxiliary devices, for example, for chilling and sometimes for vacuum maintenance.

There are two categories of the gas-discharge rectifiers differing on the mechanism of operation of the device for giving of initial charge: "excitrons" (with digit anodes) and "ignitrons" (with the setting fire electrodes);

(b) thermoionic rectifiers with incandescence cathodes. Their converting element (for example, thyratron) is similar to the corresponding element of mercury-arc rectifiers with that difference that it has the incandescence cathode instead of the mercury cathode.

(3) the Converters with mechanical converting element based on use of unilateral conductivity of different contacts such, as:

(a) contact rectifiers (for example, rectifiers with camshafts) in which there is device which metal contacts are disconnected and become isolated synchronously with frequency of the straightened alternating current;

(b) mercury jet rectifiers with the rotating stream of the mercury synchronized on the frequency of alternating current which strikes in motionless contact;

(c) dipole rectifiers with thin metal uvula which fluctuates with frequency of alternating current; the uvula touches the contact placed in such a way that from source the electric power arrives.

(4) Electrolytic rectifiers which operation is based that the combination of the certain substances applied as electrodes in combination with certain liquids as electrolytes provides course of current only in one direction.

Electric static converters can be used in the different purposes, for example:

(1) As converters for power supply of the drive of stationary machines or vehicles with the electric drive (for example, locomotives).

(2) As converting power supplies, such as chargers of accumulators (which represent generally rectifiers with the corresponding transformer and the equipment of regulation of current), converters for galvanization and electrolysis, emergency power sources, converters for the installations making direct current of high voltage, converters for the heating purposes and for food of electromagnets.

Also here the converters known as generators of high voltage (are applied, in particular, in the radio equipment, issued tubes, microwave tubes, ionnoluchevy tubes), which will transform current from any source, usually of network, in the direct current of high voltage necessary for power supply of the corresponding equipment belong, transformation is carried out by means of rectifiers, transformers, etc.

This goods item also turns on the stabilized power supplies (the rectifiers integrated with the regulator), for example, blocks of uninterrupted power supply for number of the electronic equipment.

However the generators of high voltage (or transformers) which are specially intended for the radiological equipment enter goods item 90.22. Automatic regulators of tension turn on in commodity line items 90.32.

(III) COILS OF INDUCTANCE AND THROTTLES

Represent the wire coil which in case of connection to chain of alternating current the self-induction limits or prevents course of alternating current. Here devices from the small throttles applied in radio schemes, devices, etc. to the large coils which are often filled in by concrete and used in power networks belong (for example, for restriction of current for case of short circuit).

Coils of inductance and throttles or inductors in the form of the separate elements received by printing process turn on in this goods item.

The rejecting coils for electron beam tubes enter goods item 85.40. PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), parts of products of this goods item also join in this goods item. In particular, mercury-arc rectifiers with the metal case with the pump or without it always turn on as part.

However the most part of electric components of devices of this goods item is in other goods items of this group, for example:

(a) different switches of goods item 85.36 (for example, the switches used with multicontact transformers);

(b) the vacuum or filled with vapors of mercury vypryamitelny lamps and tubes (except belonging to type with metal cases) and thyratrons (goods item 85.40);

(d) products of goods item 85.42.

85.05

85.05 - Electromagnets; the permanent magnets and products intended for transformation into permanent magnets after magnetization; electromagnetic or with permanent magnets tightening cartridges, captures and the similar fixing devices; electromagnetic couplings, couplings and brakes; electromagnetic lifting heads: - the permanent magnets and products intended for transformation into permanent magnets after magnetization:

8505.11 - metal

8505.19 - others

8505.20 - electromagnetic couplings, couplings and brakes

8505.90 - other, including parts

This goods item joins electromagnets, such devices which are specifically listed in this goods item, the permanent magnets and the fixing devices working at electromagnets with permanent magnets.

(1) Electromagnets.

Differ in the different sizes and forms according to the purpose for which they are intended. Consist generally of the wire wound on the core from soft iron representing whole or lamellar design. When passing electric current via the coil the core acquires magnetic properties which then can be used for attraction or for pushing away.

(2) the Permanent magnets and products intended for transformation into permanent magnets after magnetization.

Permanent magnets represent pieces of solid steel, special alloys or other materials (for example, the ferrobarit agglomerated with polymeric materials or synthetic rubber) which have permanent magnetic properties. Their form depends on the purpose for which they are intended. For reduction of tendencies to demagnetization horseshoe magnets often have the iron core contacting to poles. Permanent magnets join in this goods item irrespective of their application, including the small magnets applied, inter alia, as toys.

Products, held for use as permanent magnets after magnetization, it is possible to determine by their form and structure: usually they represent cubes or disks (petals) from metal or the agglomerated ferrite (for example, ferrobarita).

(3) Electromagnetic or with permanent magnets tightening cartridges, captures and the similar fixing devices.

Generally it devices of different types in which magnets are used for deduction of separate parts in the course of work. Here also fastenings for the equipment which is not machines enter (for example, magnetic devices for fixture of printing forms in the printing equipment).

(4) Electromagnetic couplings and couplings.

There are different types of couplings and couplings. Some represent the motionless coil covering mobile anchor, the last drags on in the coil in case of transmission of current and is extended by spring again in case of electricity outage. This goods item also joins couplings of regulated speed in some of which the principle of the asynchronous engine is applied.

(5) Electromagnetic brakes.

As a rule, represent blocks which under the influence of electromagnets make impact on rim of wheel or on rail. In others the principle of electromagnetic induction in case of which the disk from soft steel established on shaft slows down the vortex currents created in it by electromagnets is applied. However this goods item does not join the mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic brakes managed by electromagnetic devices.

(6) Electromagnetic lifting heads.

Consist generally of electromagnets, as a rule, of round form and are usually applied with cranes (for example, to raising of scrap iron). Some types of heads are intended for application in the special purposes (for example, on rescue boats for removal of metal objects from the crashed vessels).

PARTS

Do not join in this goods item:

(a) magnetic ferrite with binding, in the form of powder or pellets (goods item 38.24);

(b) electromagnets, permanent magnets or magnetic devices of this goods item when they are provided together with machines, devices, toys, games, etc. which part they are (are classified with the corresponding machines, devices, etc.);

(c) carriers for the magnetic record, such as the cards consisting of the material, not magnetized, but capable to magnetization, forming layer between two plastic plates, and applied, in particular, to opening of magnetic locks (goods item 85.23);

(d) the electromagnets intended for application by oculists or surgeons (goods item

90. 18).

85.06

85.06 - Primary elements and primary batteries (+):

8506.10 - dioxide - manganese

8506.30 - oxide - mercury

8506.40 - oxide - silver

8506.50 - lithium

8506.60 - air-zinc

8506.80 - primary elements and primary batteries other

8506.90 - parts

In these elements the electric power is generated due to chemical reactions.

Primary element represents generally vessel with alkaline or not alkaline electrolyte (for example, potassium hydroxide or sodium, ammonium chloride or mix of lithium chloride, ammonium chloride, zinc chloride and water) in which two electrodes are shipped. The anode, as a rule, zinc, magnesian or lithium, and the cathode (depolarizing electrode), for example, from the manganese dioxide (mixed with coal powder), from mercury oxide or oxide of silver. In lithium primary elements the anode is lithium, and the cathode - for example, thionyl chloride, sulfur dioxide, manganese dioxide or iron sulfide. Anhydrous electrolyte is used because of solubility and reactivity of lithium in water solutions. In air-zinc primary elements usually use alkaline or neutral electrolyte. Zinc is used as the anode, the oxygen diffusing in element is used as the cathode. Each electrode is supplied with the plug or other device for connection to external chain. The main sign of primary element is that it is hardly or inefficiently recharged.

Primary elements are applied to food of number of consumers (for calls, phones, hearing aids, cameras, hours, calculators, pacemakers, radio receivers, toys, portable lamps, electrosobriquets for cattle, etc.). Elements can be grouped in batteries or it is consecutive, either in parallel, or consecutive in parallel. Elements and batteries of elements join in this goods item irrespective of the purpose for which they intend (for example, regular elements for laboratory works which provide permanent known tension, join in this goods item).

Elements are among:

(1) Liquid elements in which electrolyte is liquid and which are not protected from effluence. Thus, liquid elements are sensitive to orientation.

(2) Dry elements in which electrolyte is deprived of mobility in the absorbing materials or gels (for example, it is mixed with thickener, such as agar-agar or flour, for formation of paste). Electrolyte can be liquid, but protected from effluence. Dry elements are applied generally in portable devices.

(3) Inactive elements or reserve elements or batteries in which it is necessary to pour water either everything, or part of electrolyte before these elements can be used or in which electrolyte shall heat up to become ionoprovodyashchy.

(4) Concentration elements in which electrolyte has different degree of concentration at each electrode.

Primary elements and batteries can be made different in form and the size. Usually they have the cylindrical form or form of tablet.

Some types of elements (for example, liquid elements and some inactive elements) are, as a rule, delivered without the electrolyte; however they join in this goods item.

This goods item does not join the loaded elements and batteries of elements as they join in goods item 85.07 as electric accumulators.

PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), this goods item joins parts of elements or batteries of elements, including reservoirs.

Do not join in this goods item:

(a) plugs (goods item 85.36);

(b) solar elements (goods item 85.41);

(d) the fulfilled primary elements and the fulfilled primary batteries and their waste and scrap (goods item 85.48);

(e) thermocouples (for example, goods items 85.03, 85.48, 90.33).

Explanations to subline items.

Subline items 8506.10, 8506.30 and 8506.40

Classification in these subline items is determined by structure of the cathode (the depolarized electrode). However primary elements with the cathode from manganese dioxide and the anode from lithium join in subline item 8506.50 as lithium primary elements (see explanations to this subline item below).

Subline item 8506.50

Classification in this subline item is determined by structure of the anode.

85.07

85.07 - Accumulators are electric, including separators for them, rectangular (including square) or other form:

8507.10 - lead, used for start of piston engines

8507.20 - accumulators are lead others

8507.30 - nickel - cadmium

8507.40 - nickel - iron

8507.50 - gidridno-nickel

8507.60 - lithium - ion

8507.80 - accumulators other

8507.90 - parts

Electric accumulators (rechargeable batteries or secondary batteries) are characterized by the fact that electrochemical action is reversible that the accumulator could be charged. They are applied to storage of the electric power and as its source when in it there is requirement. Via the accumulator the direct current which causes certain chemical changes (charge) is passed; when afterwards plugs of the accumulator are connected to external chain, these chemical changes change on opposite and cause direct current in external chain (category). This cycle of the phenomena - charge and the category - can repeat during accumulator service life.

Accumulators generally represent the reservoir filled with electrolyte in which two electrodes with plugs for connection to external chain are shipped. In many cases the reservoir can be divided into several parts, and each department (element) is in itself the accumulator; these elements, as a rule, unite consistently for ensuring more high voltage. Several elements connected thus are called the battery. Also several accumulators can be integrated in larger case. Accumulators can consist of liquid or dry elements.

The main types of accumulators are:

(1) Lead accumulators in which electrolyte is sulphuric acid, and elektrodamisvintsovy plates or lead lattices on which active material is placed.

(2) caustic heat Alkaline accumulators in which electrolyte usually is potassium hydroxide either, or lithium hydroxide, or thionyl chloride, and electrodes, for example:

(i) positive electrodes from nickel or nickel connections and negative electrodes from iron, cadmium or metal hydride;

(ii) positive electrodes from nickel or nickel connections and negative electrodes from iron, cadmium or metal hydride;

(iii) positive electrodes from carbon and negative electrodes from lithium metal or lithium alloy;

(iv) positive electrodes from oxide of silver and negative electrodes from zinc.

Electrodes can consist of simple plates, lattices, cores, etc. or of the lattices or tubes covered or filled with special paste from active material. Reservoirs for acid lead accumulators are, as a rule, made of glass or, as for automobile batteries, are cast from plastic, solid rubber or composition material. In the powerful accumulators for stationary application having glass or lead lining plastic or wooden boxes while reservoirs for alkaline accumulators are, as a rule, made of steel or plastic are applied. Alkaline accumulators can be certain size and form, developed so that they were suitable for the device in which they are electricity source. They can be imprisoned in the waterproof reservoir. Many alkaline accumulators can look external as primary elements or batteries of goods item 85.06.

Accumulators are used as current sources for the most different purposes, for example, for motor vehicles, courts for golf, auto-loaders with fork grips, hand tools with engines, cell phones, portable computers, portable lamps.

Some types of lead accumulators are completed with the areometer for measurement of density of electrolyte which gives approximate value of degree of charge of the accumulator.

Electric accumulators turn on in this goods item even if they are delivered without electrolyte.

The accumulators containing one or more elements and the scheme for connection of elements among themselves, which are often called "packet of batteries" belong to this goods item irrespective of, they include or do not include any additional components which promote function of the accumulator on storage and supply with energy or protect it from damage, such as electric sockets, temperature regulators (for example, thermistors), devices of protection and protection covers. They join in this goods item even if are held for use with the specific device.

PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), this goods item also joins parts to accumulators, for example, reservoirs and covers; lead plates and lattices irrespective of, paste is applied on them or not; separators from any material (except for not cured vulcanized rubber or textile material), including separators in the form of flat plates which are simply cut in the form of rectangles (including squares) and answer very strict specifications (porosity, the sizes, etc.) and therefore they are ready to application.

Do not join in this goods item:

(a) plugs (goods item 85.36);

(b) the fulfilled electric accumulators and their waste and scrap (goods item 85.48).

85.08

85.08 - Vacuum cleaners: - with the built-in electric motor:

8508.11 - capacity no more than 1 500 W, no more than 20 l having sack for collection of dust or other dust collector in amount

8508.19 - others

8508.60 - vacuum cleaners other

8508.70 - parts

On condition of observance of provisions of the note of 1 (g) to group 85 this goods item turns on the vacuum cleaners of all types withheld in hands or not, including the vacuum cleaners for dry and wet cleaning provided with accessories, such as the rotating brushes, devices to knocking-out of carpets, the multipurpose soaking-up nozzles, etc. or without them.

Vacuum cleaners perform two functions: absorption of materials, including dust, and filtering air flow. Absorption is performed by means of the krylchatka fixed directly on engine shaft, rotating with high speed. Dust and other materials gather in internal or external sack for collection of dust or other receiver while the sucked-in and purified air is used also for chilling of the engine.

Join in this goods item, inter alia, vacuum cleaner type devices for care of horses or cattle.

This goods item does not turn on devices for cleaning of carpets in places of their stay by means of injection of liquid cleaner in carpet and subsequent its extraction by means of absorption, not held for use as vacuum cleaners which are not the vacuum cleaners combining processes of dry and wet cleaning (goods item 84.51 or 85. 09). This goods item also does not turn on the vacuum devices used in the medical, surgical, dental or veterinary scientific purposes (goods item 90.18).

THE EQUIPMENT PROVIDED WITH DEVICES OF THIS GOODS ITEM

Vacuum cleaners of this goods item can be provided with auxiliary devices (accessories) (for cleaning by brush, polishing, spraying of insecticides, etc.) or replaceable parts (devices for knocking-out of carpets, the rotating brushes, the multipurpose soaking-up nozzles, etc.). Such device turns on in this goods item together with the parts and accessories provided together with it provided that their type and quantity such which are usually applied with the corresponding device. When are provided separately, they are classified according to their main property.

PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions of explanations to the Section XVI), parts of devices of this goods item also turn on in this goods item.

85.09

85.09 - Machines electromechanical household with the built-in electric motor, except vacuum cleaners of goods item 85.08:

8509.40 - grinders of foodstuff and mixers; juice extractors for fruit or vegetables

8509.80 - devices other

8509.90 - parts

This goods item joins those types of household machines which the electric motor is built in. The term "household machines" in this goods item means the devices which are usually used in life. These machines are identified according to type in one or several parameters, such as dimensions, design type, performance, working amount. As criterion for these parameters serves that the devices specified in this goods item shall not be operated at the level exceeding net household requirements.

On condition of observance of exceptions and in appropriate cases of the restrictions on weight given in the note 3 to this group this goods item turns on devices which answer the above-stated criteria. This goods item does not turn on machines with the drive from the autonomous electric motor (irrespective of, it is performed through flexible shaft, belts of transfer or other transmission media or not) and devices which though they are similar in design and application, are obviously intended only for the industrial purposes (for example, in the food industry, when cleaning pipes, cleaning machines and cleaning of roads); such machines, as a rule, turn on in goods item 82.10 or in group 84.

Machines of this goods item happen two types (see the note 3 to this group):

(A) The limited category of products is considered in this goods item irrespective of their weight.

Belong to this category only:

(1) Floor polishers (irrespective of, they have the device for rubbing of floors wax or not, and irrespective of whether they have heating element for melting of wax or not).

(2) Grinders of foodstuff and mixers, for example: grinders of meat, fish, vegetables or fruit; multi-purpose grinders (for coffee, rice, barley, crushed peas, etc.); milk shakers; mixers for ice cream; mixers for water-ice; devices for test batch; beaters for mayonnaise; other similar grinders and mixers (including such which when changing details can be also applied to cutting or other manipulations).

(3) Juice extractors for fruit or vegetables.

(B) Unrestricted category of products is considered in this goods item provided that their weight of 20 kg or less.

Belong to this category, inter alia:

(1) Devices for washing, tsiklevaniye or removals of the put layers from floors, and also devices for vacuum removal of dirty water or soapsuds after mopping.

(2) Devices for spraying of polishing material on floors before polish. As a rule, in them there are heating elements for wax fusion.

(3) Utilizers of kitchen waste. These devices are intended for fixing on kitchen sink and are used to crunching of kitchen waste.

(4) Devices for cleaning, crushing, cutting, etc. of potatoes or other vegetables.

(5) Slicers of all types (for example, for meat, sausages, bacon, cheese, bread, fruit or vegetables).

(6) Grinding and cleansing devices for knives.

(7) Electric toothbrushes.

(8) Humidifiers and dehumidifiers of air.

THE EQUIPMENT REPRESENTED WITH MACHINES OF THIS GOODS ITEM

Many devices which are listed above can be provided in set with replaceable nodes or auxiliary devices by means of which they can be used in the different purposes. Examples are food-mixers which can be used to cutting, grinding, beating, shinkovaniye, etc.; the devices for cutting by thin chunks completed with honing and grinding elements; floor polishers with set of polishing devices of brush type; floor polishers with devices for supply of soap and the vacuum device for removal of dirty water or soap. Such device turns on in this goods item together with the nodes and devices represented together with it provided that their type and quantity such which are usually applied with the corresponding device. The mass of additional replaceable nodes or details or removable auxiliary devices should be neglected in case of determination of whether this or that device under the terms of Item (B) gets to this goods item above or not.

Machines of this goods item can be mounted on sled, castors or similar devices for simplification of work with them.

PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), parts of devices of this goods item also turn on in this goods item.

Do not join in this goods item:

(a) fans or ventilating or recirculation cases with the fan, with filters or without filters (goods item 84.14);

(b) refrigerators (goods item 84.18);

(d) centrifugal clothes dryers (goods item 84.21) and household washing machines (goods item 84.50);

(e) dishwashers (goods item 84.22);

(e) lawn-mowers (goods item 84.33);

(g) milkchurns (goods item 84.34);

(h) devices for cleaning of carpets in places of their stay by means of injection in carpet of liquid cleaner and subsequent its extraction by absorption, held for use in organizations (except premises), such as hotels, motels, hospitals, offices, restaurants and schools (goods item 84.51);

(i) sewing machines (goods item 84.52);

(j) devices for removal of hair (goods item 85.10);

(k) electric household appliances (goods item 85.16);

(l) massage devices (goods item 90.19).

85.10

85.10 - Electrorazors, machines for hairstyle of hair and the device for removal of hair with the built-in electric motor:

8510.10 - electrorazors

8510.20 - machines for hairstyle of hair

8510.30 - devices for removal of hair

8510.90 - parts

This goods item turns on electrorazors and machines for hairstyle of hair with the built-in electric motor or the vibrator irrespective of, they are intended for people or for hairstyle of sheep, care of horses, hairstyle of cattle, etc.

In electrorazors (machines for dry shaving) on internal surface of perforated or slot-hole plate either back and forth motion of mill or knife edges which cut off the hairs which passed through openings or cracks make rotary. In machines for hairstyle of hair there is edge type cutting edge which moves returnable progressively on motionless metal crest and cuts off hair or wool which get between crest teeths. In hairdresser's machines for hairstyle of hair the same principle of work, as in machines is applied to hairstyle of sheep, care of horses, etc., but they differ by the sizes.

This goods item also turns on electromechanical devices for removal of hair with the built-in electric motor; these devices which take hair and tear off it at root, can be effective with the help or microroller, or metal spiral which rotate around own axis, or the defensor, the head depilating, and set of the depilating castors.

PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), parts of electrorazors, machines for hairstyle of hair or devices for removal of hair also turn on in this goods item. Treat them, inter alia cutting heads, knife edges and edges of edge type.

Machines for hairstyle of hair with the drive from separately located electric motor through flexible shaft turn on in goods item 82.14, and the electric motor (supplied or not supplied with flexible shaft) - in goods item 85.01.

85.11

85.11 - Electric equipment for ignition or launch of internal combustion engines with ignition from spark or from compression of gas mixture (for example, magneto, coils of ignition, spark plug, glow plug, starters); generators (for example, direct and alternating current) and the breakers of type used together with such engines:

8511.10 - spark plugs

8511.20 - magneto of different types; magnetic flywheels

8511.30 - distributors; ignition coils

8511.40 - starters and starter generators

8511.50 - generators other

8511.80 - equipment other

8511.90 - parts

This goods item turns on electric equipment for start-up or ignition and the device for internal combustion engines (piston or others) irrespective of, they are intended for application in cars, aircraft, courts, etc. or in stationary engines. It also turns on the generators and breakers used together with such internal combustion engines.

Join in this goods item:

(A) Spark plugs.

Represent the central isolated electrode and the contact connected to the case. The case has carving at the basis for installation in cylinder head, on top of the central electrode there is plug for connection to current source. In case of appendix to the central electrode of high voltage between electrode and contact or contacts there is spark by means of which in the cylinder gas mixture ignites.

(B) Starting magneto of ignition (including magneto generators).

Apply to giving of high voltage on spark plugs of the internal combustion engine; use generally in racing cars, tractors, aircraft, in engines for motor boats or motorcycles. Are subdivided into the following main types:

(1) the Magneto with the rotating anchor. In them the special type of the generator of alternating current in which the anchor with primary winding of low voltage which is reeled up on it rotates between poles of permanent magnet is applied. Primary winding is connected to the contact breaker and to the condenser; sharp short circuit and disconnection of chain of the coil create very high voltage in secondary winding. All aggregate is put into one case on which top the distributor lever for serial distribution of tension between spark plugs is mounted.

(2) the Magneto with motionless anchor. Their two types. In both the anchor winding, the breaker of contacts and the condenser are not mobile; but in one of these two types magnets rotate while in other type magnets are not mobile, and between magneto and winding of anchor inductors with the core from soft iron rotate.

(3) Magneto generators. Present themselves magneto and the generator in the form of the single aggregate with the general drive; as a rule, apply in motorcycles.

Represent the magnetic device mounted on flywheel, serve for development of current of low voltage for ignition.

() Distributors.

Distribute ignition current serially between spark plugs, include the breaker for short circuit and disconnection of primary winding of the coil of ignition; both of these functions are synchronized with the piston courses in cylinders by means of cam with the drive from the engine.

(E) Ignition coils.

Represent specially modified induction coils usually placed in the cylindrical case. Connecting primary winding via the breaker to the battery, it is possible to create high-tension current which moves via the distributor on spark plugs in secondary winding.

In some systems of ignition the coil of double spark is directly connected to two spark plugs and makes spark at the same time on each candle, at the same time the candle spark in one cylinder causes working step, and the spark of other candle has no effect as it is made in release step on the cylinder. Such systems do not require the distributor as the coil of ignition is directly connected to spark plugs. In these systems tension on coils moves from the electronic (semiconductor) module.

(E) Starters.

Represent small electric motors, usually direct current with consecutive excitement. They are supplied with small cogwheel which slides to screw shaft up and down, or some other mechanical device for temporary connection to the internal combustion engine which needs to be started.

(G) Generators (direct and alternating current).

Are set in motion from the engine. Serve for battery charging and power supply of lighting, signaling, heating and other electric equipment of motor vehicles, aircraft, etc. Generators of alternating current are used with the rectifier.

(H) Consistently switched on coils.

Represent the small coils of inductance used generally on aircraft when rotation speed in case of start is too low that magneto of engines worked.

(I) Glow plugs.

Are similar to spark plugs, but instead of electrode and contacts for creation of spark in them there is small resistance which in case of transmission of current heats up. Are applied to heating of air in cylinders of diesel engines before start-up and during start-up.

(J) Heating coils.

Intend for installation in air inlets of diesel engines, are used in case of start.

(L) Breakers of generators of direct current.

Prevent operation of the generator as the engine from the battery when the engine does not work or works at small turnovers.

The breakers placed in the single case with the regulator of tension or current also turn on in this goods item. Except that they protect the battery and the generator of direct current, they provide permanent value of charging current or limit force of this current.

PARTS

Do not join in this goods item:

(a) the starters for engines applied in airfields, the bus stations, etc. for start of internal combustion engines and which represent the transformer and the rectifier (goods item 85.04);

(b) electric accumulators (goods item 85.07);

85.12

85.12 - The equipment electric lighting or signaling (except products of goods item 85.39), screen wipers, anti-icers and the protivozapotevatel used by bicycles or motor vehicles:

8512.10 - the devices of lighting or the visual alarm system used by bicycles

8512.20 - devices of lighting or visual alarm system others

8512.30 - devices of the sound alarm system

8512.40 - screen wipers, anti-icers and protivozapotevatel

8512.90 - parts

This goods item turns on the equipment and devices used by bicycles or motor vehicles for lighting or the alarm system. However it does not turn on dry batteries (goods item 85.06), electric accumulators (goods item 85.07) or generators of direct current and magneto generators of goods item 85.11. This goods item also joins electric screen wipers, anti-icers and protivozapotevatel for motor vehicles.

Join in this goods item, inter alia:

(1) Generators of direct current for power generation by means of the frictional wheel set in motion from one of tires or from rim of wheel of the bicycle or in rare instances from the motorcycle.

(2) the Holders for batteries equipped with the switch, plugs, contacts, etc. for the lighting equipment for bicycles; lamps with batteries for installation by bicycles.

(3) Farah of all types, including the headlights completed with devices for switching or devices for lowering of headlights; headlights of diffused light; fog lights; headlights of directional light; the searchlights applied by police cars, etc. (including such which in case of connection by means of wires can be used as portable lamps or to put on roadbed).

(4) Front position lamps and side lamps; back lamps; parking lamps; lamps of illumination of registration plate.

(5) Brake lamps, indexes of turn, indexes of backing and similar equipment.

(6) Combinations from some listed above lamps collected in one case.

(7) Lamps of internal lighting, such as plafonds, wall lamps, lighting lamps of footboard, alarm lamp of provision of door and lamp of instrument guard.

(8) Light signals of overtaking which automatically (sometimes using photo cell) signal the driver about overtaking by other car.

(9) Other electric devices for the visual alarm system, for example, the lit triangles for vehicles with trail cars; the lit indexes (like the rotating dome or type of "light strip") for taxi, militia cars, fire tenders, etc.

(10) the Parking equipment working with the help of external probes which, touching edge of the sidewalk or other subject, include light or other signal of the prevention of the driver.

(11) Devices of the anticreeping alarm system which publish visual or sound signals for the warning of attempts of breaking of the vehicle.

(12) Signals, sirens and other electric devices for the sound alarm system.

(13) Electric devices which publish sound signals for the warning of the driver of proximity of vehicles or other objects behind the car in case of movement by backing. These devices usually consist of ultrasonic sensors, the electronic managing block, buzzer or the device of the sound alarm system and wires connecting them.

(14) the Electric devices used in motor vehicles for the prevention of the driver by means of visual or sound signals that the device of control of speed, such as the radar or the laser gun close is effective.

(15) Screen wipers, including doubled with the drive from the electric motor.

(16) Anti-icers and protivozapotevatel. Represent the wire resistance mounted in frame for installation on windshield.

PARTS

Also do not join in this goods item:

(a) glass lenses (goods item 70.14);

(b) equipment or installations for air conditioning (goods item 84.15);

(c) the electric sound intensifying sets consisting of the microphone, the amplifier of sound frequency and loudspeaker used to transfer to the driver of transport tow of the warning beep or other road signal behind trail car (goods item 85.18);

(d) panels, panels and the bases for the electric equipment other, completed with two or more devices of goods item 85.36 (for example, assembly from switches for installation on steering column) (goods item 85.37);

(e) electric lamps, including lamps hermetic directional light, goods item 85.39;

(e) the isolated electric wires and cables irrespective of, are cut they at measuring lengths, completed with connecting devices or collected in sets or not (for example, sets of wires of ignition) (goods item 85.44);

(g) not electric heating equipment for cars which also performs function of anti-icer or protivozapotevatel (goods item 73.22 or 87. 08).

85.13

85.13 - Lamps are portable electric, working from own power source (for example, batteries of dry elements, accumulators, magneto), except the lighting equipment of goods item 85.12:

8513.10 - lamps

8513.90 - parts

This goods item joins lamps portable electric, intended for work from the built-in source of the electric power (for example, the dry battery, the accumulator or magneto).

They represent two elements, that is lamp and source of the electric power which are, as a rule, established together and directly connected to each other, and is frequent in the single case. However in certain cases these elements are carried out separately from each other and are connected by wires.

The term "portable lamps" belongs only to those lamps (that is both to lamps, and to electric power sources) which are intended for transfer in hands either on themselves or for attachment to portable subject or object. As a rule, in them there is handle or the fastening. They can be distinguished in characteristic form and small weight. Therefore are excluded the lighting equipment for motor vehicles or bicycles from this determination (goods item 85.12), and also lamps which are connected to stationary installation (goods item 94.05).

Join in this goods item:

(1) Pocket lamps. Some types ("dynamo lamps") have the current generators put in action manually by means of the sprung lever.

(2) Other manual lamps (including lamps with regulated light). Manual lamps are often completed with some simple device for temporary suspension on wall, etc. while other lamps are expected installation on the earth.

(3) Lamps, small lamps or lamps flashes in the form of self-recording handles, it is frequent with clip for fixture of lamp in the user's pocket for that time when it is not used.

(4) Signalling lamps of Morse.

(5) Miner's safe lamps. The lighting device is, as a rule, intended for fixture to the miner's helmet, and the electric power source (accumulator) is usually suspended on belt.

(6) the Osmotrovy lamps of general purpose attached to head corbel which, as a rule, represents curved metal strip. Such lamps join in this goods item only in the presence of own source of the electric power (for example, the battery of dry elements placed in the user's pocket). Lamps of this goods item are applied by doctors, put sentries masters, jewelers, etc. Special medical osmotrovy lamps (for example, for survey of ears or throat) do not join in this goods item (goods item 90.18).

(7) Small lamps of special form in the form of the gun, lipstick case, etc. The multi-purpose products representing bulb or small lamp and at the same time self-recording handle, the screw-driver, ring for keys, etc. belong to this goods item, only if the main function of all product is lighting.

(8) Lamps for reading with clip or the similar device for fixture to the book or the magazine.

PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), parts of lamps of this goods item also join in this goods item.

Do not join in this goods item:

(a) flashlights (goods item 90.06);

(b) laser pointers with the laser diode (goods item 90.13).

85.14

85.14 - Furnaces and cameras industrial or laboratory electric (including acting on the basis of induction phenomenon or dielectric losses); the industrial or laboratory equipment for heat treatment of materials by means of induction phenomenon or dielectric losses:

8514.10 - furnaces and cameras of resistance

8514.20 - the furnaces and cameras acting on the basis of induction phenomenon or dielectric losses

8514.30 - furnaces and cameras other

8514.40 - the equipment for heat treatment of materials by means of induction phenomenon or dielectric losses other

8514.90 - parts

This goods item turns on number of machines, devices and devices of industrial or laboratory type in which heat is provided at the expense of the electric power (for example, due to heating of the conductor with electric current; at the expense of electroarch). This goods item turns on the furnaces and cameras acting on the basis of induction phenomenon or dielectric losses and the other industrial or laboratory equipment for heat treatment of materials by means of induction phenomenon or dielectric losses (for example, industrial microwave ovens and cameras and the equipment). This goods item does not turn on electrothermal devices of household type (goods item 85.16).

(I) INDUSTRIAL OR LABORATORY ELECTRIC FURNACES AND CAMERAS (INCLUDING ACTING ON THE BASIS OF INDUCTION PHENOMENON OR DIELECTRIC LOSSES)

Electric furnaces and cameras generally represent more or less closed space or the camera in which receive rather high temperature. They are applied to many purposes (melting, annealing, leave, enameling, welding, heat treatment of welded seams, etc.). Main types are the muffle furnaces, kolpakovy furnaces, crucible furnaces, tunnel furnaces, etc. In some of these furnaces there can be special final devices, or they can have internal vessel for metal working in the environment of certain gas for prevention of oxidation.

The following types, inter alia belong to this category of furnaces and cameras:

(A) Furnaces and cameras with heating by resistance in which heat is created by the current passed through heating resistance. These heating elements (resistors) transfer warmly to raw materials or furnace charge by means of the radiation and convection.

(B) of the Furnace of resistance for heating of whetstones of metal or the granulated materials in which the resistor is served by the heated material. Represent the case in which electric current is passed through material; necessary heat is caused by the electric resistance of material.

(C) The Rasplavny furnaces of resistance representing bathtubs with electrodes. During the work in bathtub there is metal fusion, fusion of salts or special oil, and required temperature is maintained by the current passed through fusion by means of electrodes. The subject heats up in case of immersion in fusion bathtub.

() Electrolytic furnaces for melting or refinement of metals. They represent also the furnaces of liquid resistance equipped with the electrodes shipped in bathtub with electrolyte fusion. In bathtub the ore containing metal dissolved in salt fusion is placed. The electrolytic dissociation caused by passing of electricity through electrolyte and electrodes leads to accumulating on the cathode of the net melted metal during simultaneous removal of gas on the anode.

(E) Low-frequency induction furnaces. In these furnaces primary coil with the iron core via which low-frequency alternating current is passed interacts by means of magnetic field with the heated furnace charge. This coil induces current in furnace charge, and the last heats up. In some furnaces of this type fusion circulates from the main crucible through vertical looplike pipes in which primary chains induce current for heating.

(E) High-frequency induction furnaces. Alternating current high (usually radio-) frequencies in primary coil induces vortex currents in furnace charge. In this type of the furnace iron cores are not used.

(G) Capacity furnaces and cameras of dielectric heating. Furnace charge which shall be not electrowire is located between two metal plates connected to source of alternating current. Actually the device works as the condenser, and heating of furnace charge results from dielectric losses. Here industrial microwave ovens in which the heated dielectric materials are affected by electromagnetic waves turn on. Due to dielectric losses wave energy will be transformed directly to heat in all mass of material, providing very uniform heating. These furnaces are used for drying, defrosting, melting of plastic, roasting of ceramics, etc.

(H) Arc furnaces in which heat is created at the expense of electric arch between electrodes or between one electrode and the heated furnace charge. Such furnaces are used to production of conversion iron, different ferroalloys, calcium carbide, to recovery of iron ore, binding of free nitrogen of air, etc. Some low-temperature arc furnaces are also used to distillation of substances with rather low temperature of boiling (for example, zinc or phosphorus); however if they are equipped with condensers for distillate collection, then all aggregate does not turn on in this goods item (goods item 84.19).

(I) The cameras with infrared radiation heated by infrared lamps or radiating plates.

In some types of furnaces or cameras more than one method of heating are used (for example, high low-frequency induction or resistance for melting and heating of metals, etc.; infrared and high-frequency confectionery furnaces; infrared, resistive and dielectric capacity furnaces (microwave) for heating of objects).

Treat the furnaces and cameras which are switched on in this goods item, inter alia:

(1) Baking or confectionery furnaces.

(2) Furnaces for production of dentoprosthetic products.

(3) Krematsionny furnaces.

(4) Furnaces for burning of waste.

(5) Furnaces or cameras for annealing or tempering of glass.

This goods item does not turn on the equipment with electric heating for drying, sterilization or the similar purposes (goods item 84.19).

(II) THE INDUSTRIAL OR LABORATORY EQUIPMENT FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF MATERIALS BY MEANS OF INDUCTION PHENOMENON OR DIELECTRIC LOSSES

This goods item also turns on the electric equipment with induction or dielectric heating (for example, the microwave equipment) even if it is executed not in the form of the furnace or the heating camera. Such equipment (it is applied generally to heat treatment of small products) represents electric equipment for generation of high-frequency fluctuations which is established together with the corresponding plates or spirals, often special design according to the specific items which are subject to heating.

Here join, inter alia:

(1) Machines with induction coils for heating of the objects made of the materials which are good conductors of electricity by means of current of low, average or high frequency (for example, the machines used to superficial consolidation of bent shafts, cylinders, cogwheels or other metal products; machines for melting, agglomeration, annealing, leave or preliminary heating of metal nodes of details).

(2) Machines with the electrodes serving condensers (for example, in the form of plates, rods) for dielectric (capacity) heating of the objects made of materials which or neelektroprovodna, or are bad conductors of electricity, by means of high-frequency currents (for example, machines for wood drying; machines for preliminary heating of the thermostrengthened molding materials in the form of pellets or powder, etc.)

There is number of special types of the equipment intended for gradual heat treatment of the whetstones passed via the coil or for the repeating heat treatment of series of products.

The rotating converters and high-frequency generators when they are represented together with the thermoprocessing equipment, also turn on in this goods item. When are provided separately, they join in goods item 85.02 or 85.43 depending on specific case.

However the machines for heat treatment by means of induction used for low-temperature or brazing of metals and the machines for heat treatment due to dielectric losses used to welding of plastic or other materials (for example, high-frequency welding the press and high-frequency welding machines for welding by linear seam), turn on in goods item 85.15. The press, the having heating devices, also do not enter this goods item (group 84).

This goods item also turns on the furnaces and other devices which are specially intended for department by means of pyrometallurgical processes of spent nuclear fuel, the device for processing of radioactive waste (for example, for roasting of ceramic materials or the glass containing radioactive waste, or for burning of graphite or radioactive filters) or furnaces for agglomeration or heat treatment of the split material extracted from waste for conversion. However devices for separation of isotopes turn on in goods item 84.01.

PARTS

On condition of observance of the general provisions relating to classification of parts (see general provisions to the Section XVI), parts of products of this goods item also join in this goods item (for example, armature, doors, observation ports, panels and roofs, electrode holders and metal electrodes).

Also do not join in this goods item:

(a) bricks, blocks and similar fire-resistant or ceramic materials for production or lining of electric furnaces (group 69);

(b) electric furnaces and cameras for production of semiconductor plates or flat display panels (goods item 84.86);

(d) electrodes from graphite or other types of carbon, with metal or without metal (goods item 85.45).

85.15

85.15 - Machines and devices for electric (including with electric heating of gas), laser or other light or photon, ultrasonic, electron beam, magnetic-pulse or plasma-arc soft soldering, brazing or welding irrespective of whether they can carry out transactions of cutting or not; machines and devices electric for hot dusting of metals or metal ceramics: - machines and devices for brazing or soft soldering:

8515.11 - soldering irons and guns soldering for soft soldering

8515.19 - others - machines and devices for welding of metals resistance:

8515.21 - automatic or semi-automatic

8515.29 - others - machines and devices for arc (including plazmennodugovy) weldings of metals:

8515.31 - automatic or semi-automatic

8515.39 - others

8515.80 - machines and devices other

8515.90 - parts

(I) MACHINES AND DEVICES FOR THE SOFT SOLDERING, BRAZING OR WELDING

Certain machines and devices for soft soldering, brazing or welding, portable or stationary belong to this category of machines. They also join in this goods item if on them it is possible to carry out also transactions of cutting.

Welding transactions can be carried out manually or fully or partially in the automated mode.

Belong to this category:

(A) Machines and devices for low-temperature or brazing.

Warmly usually it turns out due to induction or conductivity from electric power sources.

Low-temperature and high-temperature rations represent transactions in which metal details unite among themselves the filling metal with the smaller temperature of melting which moistens basis metal(s). Metal(s) of basis does not participate in process of alloyage in case of formation of connection. Additive metal is usually distributed between the surfaces of connection by means of capillary attraction. Brazing differs from soft soldering in temperature of melting of the used additive metals. When brazing temperature usually exceeds 450 shs whereas in case of soft soldering the melting point is reached at smaller temperature.

Only such machines and devices which owing to the special devices (for example, system for giving of soldering wire) can be determined as the machines and devices intended only or generally for low-temperature or brazing belong to this category. Other devices should be considered as furnaces, cameras or the heating equipment according to the definition given in goods item 85.14.

This goods item also joins manual soldering irons and soldering guns with electroheating.

(B) of the Machine and devices for welding of metals resistance.

The heat energy necessary for forming of welded seams is formed at the expense of resistance to the electric current proceeding through the connected details (Joule heat). When welding these details nestle to each other under pressure, and gumboil or additive metal is not used.

There are machines of many types according to type of the welded product. Here machines for welding end-to-end or machines for joint welding by oplavleniye turn on, for example; the machines for spot welding including guns with the built-in power supplies or without them; machines for multipoint welding and the accessory equipment; machines for relief welding; high-frequency devices for welding by resistance.

(C) Machines and devices for arc or plasma-arc welding of metals irrespective of whether they can carry out transactions of cutting or not.

(1) Arc welding.

Source of heat energy is the electric arch formed or between two electrodes, or between one such electrode and the processed detail.

There are many types of machines of this type, for example, for manual arc welding of metal by means of electrodes with covering; for arc welding in the environment of protective gas; for welding or cutting by means of the spent or not spent electrodes or by means of the protected arch (arc welding by the melting electrode in the environment of inert gas; arc welding by the melting electrode in the environment of active gas; arc welding by tungsten electrode in the environment of inert gas; arc welding under gumboil; electroslag or electrogas welding, etc.).

(2) the Plasma-arc welding.

Source of heat energy is the compressed arch which by ionization and dissociation turns auxiliary gas into plasma (plasma stream). Gas can be inert (argon, helium), polyatomic (nitrogen, hydrogen) or it can be mix of two gases.

() Of the Machine and devices for induction welding of metals.

Heat energy arises in case of current transmission through one or more coils of inductance.

(E) Machines and devices for electron beam welding irrespective of whether they can carry out transactions of cutting or not.

Heat energy arises in the welded or cut detail (details) due to collisions of electrons of the focused electron beam received in vacuum.

(E) Machines and devices for vacuum diffusion welding.

Heat energy usually arises under the influence of induction, but the bunch of electrons or resistance can also be its source.

The device generally consists of the vacuum chamber, the vacuum pump, means of appendix of pressure and the equipment of heating.

(G) Machines and devices for photon welding irrespective of whether they can carry out transactions of cutting or not.

Photon welding can be the following types:

(1) Laser welding.

Heat energy is provided with source of coherent monochromatic radiation which can be focused in bunch of high intensity. Heat energy arises in case of fall of this beam on the welded detail.

(2) Light welding.

Heat energy arises in case of fall of the incoherent focused light beam.

(H) Machines and devices for welding of thermoplastic materials.

(1) Welding with electric heating of gas (welding by heated gas).

The welded surfaces heat up the gas (as a rule, air) warmed by the electric heater and unite together under pressure using additives or without them.

(2) Welding by means of the elements heated by electricity (welding by heating elements).

The welded surfaces heat up by means of the elements heated by electricity and unite under pressure using additives or without them.

(3) High-frequency welding.

The surfaces of thermoplastic materials (for example, the acrylic polymers, polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, polyamide (for example, nylon)) having rather high dielectric losses heat in the field of high-frequency fluctuations, and then connect under pressure. Additives can be applied.

(I) Machines and devices for ultrasonic welding.

The welded parts are fixed together and are affected by ultrasonic fluctuations. This process gives the chance to connect metals or alloys which do not give in to regular methods of welding, and also to weld metal foil, details from two or more diverse metals or polymeric films.

The direct current of low voltage from the generator of direct current or alternating current of low voltage from the lowering transformer is, as a rule, applied to power supply of electrical units for soft soldering, brazing or welding. The transformer is, etc. usually built-in in installation, but in certain cases (for example, in some types of portable installations) the welding head or welding adaptation is connected to the transformer, etc. by means of electrocable. Even in the latter case this goods item turns on all device provided that the transformer, etc. is represented together with the corresponding welding head or welding adaptation; if it is provided separately, then the transformer or the generator turns on in the corresponding goods item (goods item 85.02 or 85. 04).

This goods item also turns on the industrial robots who are specially intended for welding works.

Also do not join in this goods item:

(a) the equipment for packaging supplied with electric welding devices (goods item 84.22);

(b) the press for thermofixing of materials (goods item 84.51);

(d) machines for welding by friction (goods item 84.68);

(e) machines and devices for soft soldering, brazing or the weldings used only or generally for assembly of semiconductor devices (goods item 84.86).

(II) ELECTRICAL MACHINES AND DEVICES FOR THE HOT DUSTING OF METALS OR METAL CERAMICS

Represent arc devices for fusion of metals or metal ceramics with simultaneous spraying of the melted material compressed air.

This goods item does not turn on separately represented guns for dusting of metals by spraying method (goods item 84.24).

PARTS

Here join, inter alia, soldering heads and soldering stings, electrode holders and metal electrodes of the contact welding machine (for example, dot roller and clamping electrodes), and also tips of torches and sets snuffled for the manual equipment for atomnovodorodny welding.

However, do not join in this goods item:

(a) the spent electrodes made of non-noble metal or of carbides of metals (are considered or according to material of which are made, or in goods item 83.11 depending on specific case);

(b) electrodes from graphite or other types of carbon with metal or without metal (goods item 85.45).

85.16

85.16 - Electric water heaters inertialess or heat-sink, electric heaters submersible; electric equipment of heating of space and heating of soil, electrothermal devices for care of hair (for example, dryers for hair, hair curlers, nippers for hot wave) and hand-driers; electroirons; other household electric heaters; electric heating resistance, except specified in goods item 85.45:

8516.10 - electric water heaters inertialess or heat-sink and electric heaters submersible - electric equipment of heating of space and heating of soil:

8516.21 - radiators heat-retaining

8516.29 - others - devices electrothermal for care of hair or for drying of hands:

8516.31 - dryers for hair

8516.32 - devices for care of hair others

8516.33 - devices for drying of hands

8516.40 - electroirons

8516.50 - microwave ovens

8516.60 - furnaces other; electric stoves, rangettes, cooking electric boilers; grills and roasters - other electric heaters:

8516.71 - for preparation of coffee or tea

8516.72 - toasters

8516.79 - others

8516.80 - electric heating resistance

8516.90 - parts

(A) ELECTRIC WATER HEATERS INERTIALESS OR HEAT-SINK, SUBMERSIBLE ELECTRIC HEATERS

Belong to this category of the equipment:

(1) Geyzerny heaters in which water heats up in process of its passing via the device.

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