LAW OF TURKMENISTAN

of February 4, 2017 No. 498-V

About collection, preserving and rational use of genetic resources of cultural plants

This Law determines the legal basis of state policy in the field of collection, preserving and rational use of genetic resources of cultural plants, including their wild relatives, for farming and production of food, implementation of research and selection activities, and also for ensuring safety of welfare and historical heritage taking into account interests of the present and future generations.

Chapter I. General provisions

Article 1. The basic concepts used in this Law

In this Law the following basic concepts are used:

1) genetic resources of cultural plants – any genetic material of plant origin representing the actual or potential value for farming and production of food;

2) gene pool of cultural plants – selection plant varieties, and also wild types of the plants, genetically close to them, which are in conditions of their natural growth;

3) wild relatives of cultural plants are evolutionary genetically the types of natural flora, close to cultural plants, entering one sort with cultural plants potentially suitable for introduction in culture or uses in the course of receipt of new grades;

4) agrobiological diversity – the components of biological diversity used for farming and production of food;

5) agroecosystem – the ecosystem (the field, pasture, kitchen garden, garden, protective forest planting and other agricultural ecosystems) which is artificially created for the purpose of receipt of agricultural products and regularly supported by the person;

6) bioprospecting activities – carrying out search of genetic resources of cultural plants in places of their natural growth for the purpose of collection of their samples for replenishment of collections of genetic resources of cultural plants, preserving in controlled conditions and uses in research, selection, educational and other activities;

7) biological diversity – variability of live organisms from all sources, including land, marine and other water ecosystems and ecological complexes which part they are; this concept includes variety within type, between types and variety of ecosystems;

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