ORDER OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

of August 31, 2004 No. 348

About approval of the Strategic plan of the Republic of Tajikistan on reproductive health of the population for the period till 2014

Taking into account the existing situation of condition of reproductive health of the population and ensuring integrated approach of improvement of quality of actions in the field of reproductive health and planning of family, the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan decides:

1. Approve the enclosed Strategic plan of the Republic of Tajikistan on reproductive health of the population for the period till 2014.

2. The coordinator of the Strategic plan of the Republic of Tajikistan on reproductive health of the population for the period till 2014 to determine the Commission on the population and development under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan.

3. To the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Tajikistan, the State committee of statistics of the Republic of Tajikistan, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Committee on cases of women and family under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan, to Committee on cases of religion under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan, to Committee on cases of youth under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan, to Committee on television and broadcasting under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan. To Social Security Fund of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan, local executive bodies of the government to include in the work plans actions for implementation of the Strategic plan of the Republic of Tajikistan for reproductive health of the population for the period till 2014.

4. To provide to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tajikistan, local executive bodies of the government at the expense of budgetary and donor funds of the international organizations provided in the fields of health care implementation of the Strategic plan of the Republic of Tajikistan on reproductive health of the population for the period till 2014.

5. To the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tajikistan together with the State committee of statistics of the Republic of Tajikistan and other interested ministries and departments to develop, approve and implement single system of accounting and the reporting in the field of reproductive health and planning of family.

Approved by the Order of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan of August 31, 2004, No. 348

The strategic plan of the Republic of Tajikistan on reproductive health of the population for the period till 2014

Introduction

After acquisition of independence in 1991 the Republic of Tajikistan started step-by-step program implementation of economic reforms. As a result, despite the previous civil war and its effects, since 1996 in national economy with assistance of international financial institutions there were signs of macroeconomic stabilization which become more and more more powerful from year to year.

Proceeding from positive changes in national policy and strategy in protection of motherhood and the childhood, public health care, the downward tendency of maternal, infantile and child mortality is traced. In demographic process decrease in coefficients of birth rate, registration of scrap and stains, natural increase is also observed. Despite all this in the country where about 25,8 of % of the population women of fertile age constitute, and half of population - children (0-18 years), still rather alarming remain problems of health protection of women as one of priority tasks of WHO.

Concern of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan about the proceeding effects of the tender inequality exerting special impact on health of women, and also effects of social and economic disparity between the countries limiting possibilities of women in achievement of the best possible state of health were the cause for development of the present of the Strategic plan of the Republic of Tajikistan, specific to the country, on reproductive health.

Chapter 1. The characteristic of social environment and demographic processes in the Republic of Tajikistan

Since 1997 the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan concentrated attention on the reforms directed to stabilization of macroeconomic situation and carrying out number of the structural transformations corresponding to market economy.

In 1999 process of restructuring of large enterprises began. In agricultural industry deeper reforms began to be undertaken and by the beginning of 2001 of right to use about 70% of arable lands passed into private hands. Privatization of hlopkozavod is complete. The system of treasury began to function. The agreement on restructuring of four largest commercial banks is realized.

Structural reforms in combination with political stability, resulted, partly in successful macroeconomic and financial stability. Since 1997 there were some signs of economic recovery and on official statistics, the GDP growth constituting 1.7% for this period reached by 2002 - 10.2%, by the end of 2002 the amount of GDP made 47,3 of % of the level of 1991.

Against the background of the economic crisis which covered all industries of economy the question of measures for improvement of the main demographic indicators and the organization of service of planning of family, stabilization of birth rate at the level, acceptable for Tajikistan, and receipt of healthy posterity became first-priority that is necessary for overcoming poverty and sustainable development of society.

The age structure of the population, in particular reproductive age changes that has basic value. At the same time decrease in groups more young and the senior working-age continues. At the same time the working-age population begins to dominate and increase. It leads to decrease in economic load of able-bodied population. It is the share of 10 able-bodied persons less 8,9 of dependents, including 7,7 of children and 1,2 of the pensioner. At the beginning of the 1990th year this ratio was necessary for benefit of dependents - on 10 able-bodied them 11,2 of the person, the children consisting of 9,6 and 1,6 of pensioners was necessary.

For the last twenty years there were some changes in dynamics of gender and age structure of the population of the country due to increase in share of women of fertile age (in 1979-45.6%, in 2002-51%). The ratio of men and women constitutes 50.1% and 49.9% respectively, children at the age of 0-14 years now - 39.8%.

In case of dynamic social and economic development, in general, the preferential growth of labor potential is positive process, however in case of its modern rates unemployment problems accrue, aggravating situation in domestic market of work that obliges to acceptance of adequate measures at the national level. About increase of trudoresursny problems also witnesses reducing surplus of children's age groupes.

In general, on all industries for 1998-2000 reduction of number of workplaces was observed, and only by 2002 thanks to increase occupied in agricultural industry the level of general employment of the population increased by % 2,3.

Though the official level of unemployment of economically active population in the republic constitutes 2,5 of % (2002), the level of the latent unemployment reached % 11,2 (research of Asian Development Bank, 2002).

The need for the new social technologies concerning the labor market is felt. Earlier used principle of "ensuring general employment" does not work. Weak financial opportunities of employment services, their hardware and imperfection of the legislation do not allow to pursue effective labor market policy.

Poor development of the sector of small business does not allow it to have significant effect on creation of new workplaces. On the solution of these problems "The program of assistance of employment of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2003-2005" accepted in 2003 and the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan "About assistance of employment of the population" are directed.

It is in recent years reached determined achievement in the field of social and economic reforms and stabilization of macroeconomic situation what favors to strategy implementation of fight against poverty. Along with it, level of living of most of people still remains very low.

Poverty in Tajikistan is the multidimensional phenomenon. As showed different researches, the poverty determined on the basis of the income and consumption is very high. It takes place, mainly, because of limitation of the opportunities providing the sufficient level of the income that is confirmed by the low salary level, especially in agricultural industry, and also limited access of the population to production assets and the decreasing accesses to such main state services as education, health care, water supply.

Nearly three quarters of the population of Tajikistan live in the rural zone to which share the most part of extremely poor population (% 23,4) falls, on share of city - % 18,6. From all poor population of the country of 45,7 of % 26.1% - in Sughd area, % 19,2 - in % RRP, 6,9 - in GBAO and only % 2,1 - in Dushanbe live in Khatlon Region. However among the poorest population the most part is concentrated in GBAO (39%)'.

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