RESOLUTION OF THE MINISTRY OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

of April 13, 2020 No. 15

About approval of regulations and rules on ensuring nuclear and radiation safety

Based on subitem 7.4 of Item 7 of the Regulations on the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus approved by the Presidential decree of the Republic of Belarus of December 29, 2006 No. 756, the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus DECIDES:

1. Approve regulations and rules on ensuring nuclear and radiation safety "General provisions of safety of nuclear power plants" (are attached).

2. This resolution becomes effective after its official publication.

Approved by the Resolution of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus of April 13, 2020 No. 15

Regulations and rules on ensuring nuclear and radiation safety "General provisions of safety of nuclear power plants"

Section I. Basic provisions

Chapter 1. General provisions and scope

1. This Regulations and rules on ensuring nuclear and radiation safety "General provisions of safety of nuclear power plants" (further - General provisions) establish the safety requirements specific to nuclear power plant (further - the NPP) as source of radiative effects on personnel, population and environment.

These General provisions establish the purposes and the main criteria of safety of the NPP, and also the basic principles and general requirements to the technical and organizational measures directed to achievement of safety. The sales amount of these principles and measures shall correspond to the legislation in the field of use of atomic energy and ensuring nuclear and radiation safety. In the absence of necessary regulatory legal acts the proposed specific technical solutions are proved according to the modern level of development of science, the equipment and production.

2. These General provisions extend to all stages of complete lifecycle of the NPP established by the legislation in the field of use of atomic energy.

3. The procedure for reduction of the NPP in compliance with these General provisions, including terms and amount of necessary actions, is determined in each case in the conditions of action of special permission (license) for placement, construction, operation or conclusion from operation.

4. For the purposes of these General provisions the following terms and their determinations are used:

accident on the NPP (accident) - violation of normal operation of the NPP in case of which there was exit of radioactive materials and (or) ionizing radiation for the borders provided by the project documentation of the NPP (further - the project of the NPP) for normal operation in the quantities exceeding the set limits of safe operation; accident is characterized by initial event, ways of course and effects;

active system (element) - system (element) which functioning depends on normal work of other system (element), in particular on managing system, utility power system or other system;

certification of software - the regulated procedure consisting in recognition of possibility of use of software in the declared scope, and also obtaining with use of software of values of calculated parameters with certain error;

safety of the NPP (nuclear and radiation safety of the NPP) - property of the NPP in case of normal operation and violations of normal operation, before project accidents inclusive to limit radiative effects on personnel, the population and the environment to the set limits, to weaken the specified impact in case of beyond design basis accidents, and also to limit the size of probability of emergence of accident, to provide reliable protection of personnel, the population and the environment from inadmissible according to the legislation in the area use of atomic energy and ensuring nuclear and radiation safety of radiative effects;

biological protection - complex of the designs and materials surrounding the nuclear reactor and its nodes intended for weakening of radioactive radiation to biologically safe level;

block control center (further - BPU) - the part of the block of the NPP placed in the rooms which are specially provided by the project the NPP and intended for the centralized automated management of engineering procedures realized by operation personnel and the automation equipment;

big emergency emission - emission of radioactive materials in the environment in case of accident on the NPP in case of which accomplishment of measures of protection of the population on border of zone of planning of protective measures on initial stage of the accident established according to requirements of the legislation in the area use of atomic energy and ensuring nuclear and radiation safety on placement of the NPP and beyond its limits is necessary;

commissioning of the block of the NPP - process during which systems and the equipment of the NPP (the block of the NPP) begin to function and also their compliance to the project of the NPP and readiness for operation are checked. Commissioning of the block of the NPP is divided into stages: precommissioning adjustment work, physical start-up, energy start-up, trial operation;

the probabilistic analysis of safety - the qualitative and quantitative analysis of safety of the NPP made for determination of probability of realization of ways of course and end states of accidents, including, probabilities of severe accidents and big emergency emission;

external impacts (events) - impacts of the NPPs of the natural phenomena, characteristic of the platform, and activities of the person, such as earthquakes, high and low level of land and underground waters, hurricanes, accidents on the air, water and land transport, the fires, explosions on objects, adjacent to the NPP, and others;

internal impacts (events) - the impacts arising in case of the violations of normal operation caused by refusals of elements of the NPP, or human errors including shock waves, streams, the flying objects, change of parameters of the circle (pressure, temperature, chemical activity) the fires and floodings;

internal self-security of reactor installation (further - RU) - property to ensure safety on the basis of natural feedback, processes and characteristics;

hydrogen explosion protection - the technical and organizational measures providing in case of normal operation of the NPP, and also in case of violations of normal operation including accidents, prevention of detonation of hydrogenous mixes in the equipment of RU and in the space limited to hermetic barrier of RU and also weakening of impact of burning of hydrogenous mixes on the hermetic barrier of RU and other systems and elements of the NPP important for safety;

conclusion of the block of the NPP from operation - the activities performed after removal of nuclear fuel and other nuclear materials from the block of the NPP, directed to achievement of the set end state of the block of the NPP, the NPP excluding use of the block as power source and the ensuring safety of personnel, the population and the environment;

hermetic barrier - set of elements of the block of the NPP, including building constructions which, protecting space around RU or other object containing radioactive materials form the border provided by the project the NPP and interfere with distribution of radioactive materials and ionizing radiation to the environment in the quantities exceeding the set limits;

the deterministic analysis of safety - the analysis of safety of the NPP in case of the set operational conditions of the NPP, the postulated initial events and the set condition of the systems and elements influencing ways of course of accident which is carried out for the purpose of confirmation of conformity of the NPP to the established criteria of safety and (or) project limits;

survivability - property of systems and elements, including control centers to perform the functions assigned to them, despite the received injuries;

dependent refusal - the failure of the system (element) which is consequence of other refusal or event;

beyond design basis accident - the accident caused by the initial events which are not considered for project accidents or followed by refusals of elements of security systems, additional in comparison with project accidents, over single refusal, implementation of wrong solutions of personnel;

protective systems (elements) of safety - systems (elements) of safety intended for execution of function on prevention or restriction of damage of nuclear fuel, covers of the fuel elements (further - fuel elements), the equipment and pipelines containing radioactive materials;

initial event - single refusal in system (element) of the NPP, internal or external impact, either human error, or combinations of the specified events which lead to violation of normal operation of the NPP and can lead to violation of limits and (or) conditions of safe operation;

the channel of system - the part of system performing function of system in the amount set by the project of the NPP;

qualification of personnel (qualification) - the level of readiness of person from among heads and employees of the NPP and other organizations performing the works exerting impact on safety of the NPP including basic vocational education, professional knowledge, skills and abilities, and also the work experience ensuring quality and safety of operation of the NPP in case of accomplishment of job responsibilities;

end state of accident - the controlled condition of systems and elements of the NPP established as a result of accident which can be supported during unrestricted time;

final absorber - external environment (water object or the atmosphere) to which heat of energy release of nuclear fuel is transferred;

conservative approach - the design approach and to designing when in the analysis of accidents due to the choice of parameter values and characteristics of the NPP and the platform of the NPP and (or) other methods it is provided more adverse results;

reactor heat carrier contour (the first contour) - contour, together with system of compensation of amount (in case of its availability), intended for circulation of the heat carrier through active zone in the modes and service conditions set by the project of the NPP;

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