of September 17, 2008 No. 516-VI
About the Nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine decides:
I. Approve the Nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste it (is applied).
II. Final provisions
1. This Law becomes effective from the date of its publication.
2. Make changes to the following laws of Ukraine:
1) in paragraph three of part four of article 21 of the Law of Ukraine "About use of nuclear energy and radiation safety" (Sheets of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 1995, N 12, Art. 81; 2000, N 30, 236) the word "state" shall be replaced with words the Art. "Nation-wide target ecological";
2) in the Law of Ukraine "About the address about radioactive waste" (Sheets of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 1995, N 27, Art. 198; 2000, N 30, Art. 236; 2003, N 29, Art. 236; 2005, N 27, Art. 362):
the fifth Article 3 to exclude the paragraph;
in the text of the Law of the word of "The state program of the treatment of radioactive waste" and "The state program according to the treatment of radioactive waste" shall be replaced with words "The nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste".
3. To the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine:
provide accomplishment of the Nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste;
within six months from the date of entry into force of this Law to bring the regulatory legal acts into accord with this Law.
President of Ukraine V. Yushchenko
Approved by the Law of Ukraine of September 17, 2008 No. 516-VI
Purpose of the Nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste
The purpose of the Nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste (further - the Program) is realization of the state policy in the field of the treatment of radioactive waste directed to environment protection, lives and health of the population from impact of ionizing radiation.
The program provides activities for the following main directions:
the treatment of radioactive waste on platforms of the companies on which they are formed;
the treatment of radioactive waste on specialized enterprises according to the treatment of radioactive waste (the daleespetsializirovanny companies) until their burial;
burial of radioactive waste.
The treatment of radioactive waste provides:
carrying out characterization, classification and forecasting of education;
collection;
preliminary processing, conversion and conditioning;
transportation;
temporary storage;
providing producers of radioactive waste and specialized enterprises with the necessary number of the corresponding containers.
implementation of measures for minimization of amounts of education;
accounting and control of education.
Action of this Program does not extend to the address with:
the fulfilled nuclear fuel, waste of the uranium mining and uranium-processing industry which according to the legislation are not determined as radioactive waste;
sources of ionizing radiation before their transfer to specialized enterprises for long-term storage.
Ways and methods of the problem resolution
The activities connected with the treatment of radioactive waste caused emergence of such problem as need of creation of elements of infrastructure of the treatment of radioactive waste (in particular (storages, containers and the equipment)) and complete system
treatment of them.
The problem resolution is possible by three options which are essentially differing on extent of conversion of waste and methods of their storage and burial.
The first option - the decentralized conditioning of radioactive waste, their storage and burial, creation of storages on specialized enterprises for burial short-existing is low - and medium-active radioactive waste, delay of acceptance of the final decision on storage and burial of dolgosushchestvuyushchy and highly active radioactive waste. Preliminary processing and conditioning of radioactive waste are performed in places of their education. After conditioning short-existing radioactive waste is transferred to the specialized enterprises performing their burial. For this purpose in the territory of the companies at which radioactive waste are formed it is necessary to create infrastructure for conditioning of all types of such waste. It is necessary to construct storages for storage short-existing low - and medium-active radioactive waste on specialized enterprises and for storage of the dolgosushchestvuyushchy and highly active radioactive waste which is formed as a result of conversion of the fulfilled nuclear fuel of the Ukrainian nuclear power plants and also to construct separate storage for temporary storage of the highly active radioactive waste formed as a result of the Chernobyl catastrophic crash.
Realization of the first option will give the chance to temporarily settle problem of the treatment of radioactive waste. However in the long term it will lead to essential increase in term of removal of nuclear power plants from operation and dismantle of their processing equipment, and also will make impossible withdrawal of fuel-bearing materials of object "Shelter" and dolgosushchestvuyushchy radioactive waste which is stored in the storages placed in exclusion zone and zone of unconditional (obligatory) settling out. Besides, in case of sales term of the specified option there will be unresolved question of existence during the uncertain term of ecologically dangerous storages of specialized enterprises, not problem resolution of the treatment of the vitrified highly active radioactive waste which will return from the Russian Federation after conversion of the fulfilled nuclear fuel of the Ukrainian nuclear power plants.
Therefore, the given option does not answer the principles of state policy on restriction of storage time of radioactive waste on platforms of the companies on which they are formed.
The second option - centralized conditioning, storage and burial of radioactive waste, creation of centralized industrial complex on their conditioning, the construction of the central storages for burial short-existing is low - and medium-active radioactive waste; storages for interim storage and burial of dolgosushchestvuyushchy and highly active radioactive waste. Such option essentially differs from the first in the fact that the main processing and conditioning of radioactive waste, their interim storage and burial are performed on a centralized basis. This option provides the immediate beginning of works not only on designing and construction of centralized superficial storage for burial of short-existing is low - and medium-active radioactive waste and intermediate storage for storage of dolgosushchestvuyushchy and highly active radioactive waste, and also according to the legislation - geological storage for their final burial. For this purpose it is necessary to begin designing and construction of centralized industrial complex on conversion of all types of radioactive waste, creation of sufficient capacities for production of shipping containers for their transportation from places of education to the central company for conversion and storages, and also upgrade existing and construction of new transport communications between all subjects of the treatment of radioactive waste.
The third (complex) option - preliminary processing and conditioning of radioactive waste on platforms of the companies on which they are formed, or on installations of specialized enterprises in the respective regions. According to the legislation burial of short-existing is low - and medium-active radioactive waste burial of dolgosushchestvuyushchy highly active radioactive waste and the fulfilled nuclear fuel (in case of need and depending on the accepted strategy) - in geological storage is performed in near-surface storage.
This option most fully considers possibilities of the available infrastructure of the treatment of radioactive waste. Practically on all nuclear power plants the installations for conditioning of liquid and solid radioactive waste providing different extent of their conversion are operated and also process of enhancement of system of the treatment of radioactive waste, including creation of complex lines for their conversion continues.
For burial of short-existing it is low - and the medium-active solid radioactive waste formed as a result of the Chernobyl catastrophic crash, and radioactive waste which will be formed in case of removal from operation of the Chernobyl NPP as a part of the first priority of complex of productions on deactivation, transportation, conversion and burial of Vector radioactive waste (further - the Vector complex) near-surface storages with use of the advanced scientific and technological achievements are under construction.
The third option provides creation on nuclear power plants of installations for conditioning of the radioactive waste which is saved up for the period their operation, in particular salt pilaf, introduction of the unified systems, providing packaging of the radioactive waste which is in the form and condition acceptable for burial in the central storages with use of the advanced scientific and technological achievements, creation of centralized installations for conversion is radioactive the contaminated metal, and also designing and construction of storages for long-term storage of dolgosushchestvuyushchy and highly active radioactive waste, including large-size.
Within this option it is reasonable to carry out works on reduction of cumulative amounts of radioactive waste and term of their storage on platforms of the companies on which they are formed.
Conversion of the radioactive waste which is formed on industrial enterprises in medical, research and other institutions (including defectoscopes, radio isotope devices and other sources of ionizing radiation, radio isotope thermoelectric generators, etc.). and also as a result of carrying out military activities, it is provided on installations which will be created on specialized enterprises after carrying out their reconstruction. Burial of such waste is planned to be performed in the central storages.
Burial of dolgosushchestvuyushchy and highly active radioactive waste will be performed in geological storage according to the legislation.
Thus, by criterion of amount of expenses the first and second options yield to the third option. Realization of the third option is the most reasonable and effective.
According to the basic principles of the treatment of the radioactive waste declared by IAEA, the problem can be solved in the way:
developments and introductions of quality management system at all stages of the treatment of radioactive waste;
enhancement of the control system behind formation of radioactive waste;
technical retrofitting and reshaping of special plants of the state corporation "The Ukrainian national association "Radon", including expansion of the container park;
enhancement of system of the treatment of radioactive waste on nuclear power plants, in particular minimization of amounts of their education;
developments and designings of complex of gas-fluoride conversion of highly active radioactive waste;
technical enhancement of system of processing and conditioning of radioactive waste to the condition corresponding to criteria of their acceptance for storage and burial in storages of the Vector complex;
putting into operation of the first priority of the Vector complex (except construction of start-up complex);
designings and constructions of second priority of the Vector complex for conversion, conditioning and burial of short-existing radioactive waste, and also for temporary storage of dolgosushchestvuyushchy and highly active radioactive waste;
accomplishment of complex of search, estimative, scientific and methodical, research and design works with the purpose of the choice of the platforms potentially suitable for placement of geological storage for burial of dolgosushchestvuyushchy and highly active radioactive waste;
creations of infrastructure for safe storage of dolgosushchestvuyushchy highly active waste and preparation them to burial in deep geological formations;
designings and constructions of near-surface storages (including modular type) with use of scientific and technological achievements in space-rocket industry;
expansions of international cooperation and enhancement of the mechanism of attraction and effective use of the international technical assistance in the field of the treatment of radioactive waste (including for development and deployment of technology of transformation of dolgosushchestvuyushchy isotopes to short-existing).
Tasks and measures of the Program
For the problem resolution of the treatment of radioactive waste accomplishment of the main objectives of the Program which treat is provided:
construction, putting into operation and operation of the Vector complex;
ensuring further development of system of the treatment of the radioactive waste which is formed as a result of operation of the Ukrainian nuclear power plants, minimization of amounts of their education;
designing, construction and operation of storage for interim storage of highly active radioactive waste which will return from the Russian Federation after conversion of the fulfilled nuclear fuel of the Ukrainian nuclear power plants;
ensuring further development of system of the treatment of the radioactive waste formed as a result of the Chernobyl catastrophic crash;
retrofitting and reshaping of special plants of the state corporation "The Ukrainian national association "Radon" for the purpose of creation of conditions for collection and temporary container storage of radioactive waste;
ensuring further development of the state system of accounting of radioactive waste;
ensuring radiation safety and implementation of antiradiation measures in case of the treatment of radioactive waste, reduction of doses of radiation of personnel of specialized enterprises and the population, social and economic compensation of risk from implementation of activities of the objects intended for the treatment of radioactive waste;
training and holding information and educational actions;
creation and ensuring functioning of infrastructure of the treatment of radioactive waste on the Chernobyl NPP and object "Shelter";
development of regulatory framework in the field of the treatment of radioactive waste, carrying out research and development works, preparation of the national report on accomplishment of the Integrated convention on safety of the treatment of spent fuel and about safety of the treatment of radioactive waste;
accomplishment of complex of search, estimative, scientific and methodical, research and project works at the choice of platforms for placement of geological storage for burial of dolgosushchestvuyushchy and highly active radioactive waste;
the solution of question according to the treatment of the radioactive waste formed as a result of accomplishment of military programs of the USSR;
expansion of international cooperation in the field of the treatment of radioactive waste.
The program provides development and implementation of organizational, scientific and methodical, technical and financial and economic measures for creation of single system of the treatment of radioactive waste on the basis of the organization of their complex conversion with the maximum use of the existing installations and construction of centralized storage for burial of short-existing radioactive waste and obligatory construction of geological storage for burial of dolgosushchestvuyushchy radioactive waste.
The predicted amounts of financing are given in appendix 1, and the list died - in appendix 2.
The expected results, efficiency of the Program
Safety of present and future generations, and also increase in level of protection of the surrounding environment against harmful effects of radioactive waste, enhancement of system of the treatment of them, decrease in level of the social and psychological tension connected with recovery from the accident on the Chernobyl NPP, non-admission of making of acts of terrorism and creating favorable conditions for continuation of use of nuclear energy for production of electricity for the purpose of increase in level of living of the population will become the main result of accomplishment of the Program.
The expected results of accomplishment of the Program are given in appendix 3.
Timely and effective implementation of the tasks and measures provided by the Program will provide achievement of positive results of ecological, economic and social nature.
In the field of ecology the main results accomplishment of the Program will be:
decrease in level of harmful effects of radioactive waste on the surrounding environment and health of the person;
prevention of use of radioactive waste in criminal objectives;
creation of conditions for acceleration of mitigation of consequences of the Chernobyl catastrophic crash;
essential decrease in risk of emergence of radiation accidents.
Treat the main economic results of accomplishment of the Program:
reduction of amount of the expenses connected with storage of radioactive waste in the territory, the manufacturing companies;
reduction of amount of the economic damage connected with mitigation of consequences of radiation accidents which can potentially arise in case of further long-term storage of radioactive waste by the manufacturing companies;
essential reduction of amount of expenses on implementation of measures within the activities connected with the treatment of radioactive waste which will be formed in the future;
creating favorable conditions for further development of nuclear power.
In the social sphere the main results of accomplishment of the Program will be:
decrease in social and psychological tension in the society concerned by not problem resolution of the treatment of radioactive waste and potential possibility of radiation accidents;
forming in the society of the positive relation to use of nuclear and radiation technologies thanks to carrying out real actions from the state for safety of the population and the environment;
creation of safer working conditions and decrease in risks of potential radiation of personnel of specialized enterprises.
Amounts and sources of financing of the Program
Accomplishment of the measures provided by the Program is performed at the expense of means of the Government budget of Ukraine, means of the State fund of the treatment of radioactive waste, means of the international technical assistance, and also other sources of financing which are not prohibited by the legislation.
The approximate amount of financing of the Program constitutes 5247, 5 million hryvnias.
The annual amount of expenses on implementation of the measures provided by the Program is adjusted by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine according to the law on the Government budget of Ukraine for the corresponding year and to Program priorities.
Amounts of necessary financial provision of accomplishment of the Program at the expense of means of the Government budget of Ukraine are given in appendix 2.
In total the amount of expenses of development on accomplishment of the Program in 2008-2017 makes 73,8 of percent of budgetary appropriations.
to the Nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste
Passport of the Nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste
1. Концепция Программы одобрена распоряжением Кабинета Министров
Украины от 1 августа 2007 года N 587.
2. Программа утверждена Законом Украины от 17 сентября 2008 года
N 516-VI.
3. Государственный заказчик: Государственное агентство Украины по
управлению зоной отчуждения" (дальше - ГАЗО Украины).
4. Руководитель Программы - заместитель Председателя ГАЗО Украины.
5. Исполнители мер Программы: предприятия, учреждения и
организации независимо от формы собственности.
6. Срок исполнения: 1 июня 2008 года - 2017 год.
7. Прогнозируемые объемы и источники финансирования:
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/ Источники / Объем / В том числе по годам /
/финансирова-/ финанси-/-----------------------------------------/
/ ния / рования /2008 / 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013- /
/ / (млн / / / / / / 2017 /
/ / гривень)/ / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / / /
/------------+---------+-----+------+------+------+------+-------/
/Государстве-/ 5247,5/39,91/311,33/730,74/882,64/950,74/2332,14/
/нный бюджет / / / / / / / /
/------------+---------+-----+------+------+------+------+-------/
/Местный / / / / / / / /
/бюджет / / / / / / / /
/------------+---------+-----+------+------+------+------+-------/
/Иные / / / / / / / /
/------------+---------+-----+------+------+------+------+-------/
/Всего / 5247,5/39,91/311,33/730,74/882,64/950,74/2332,14/
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to the Nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste
Tasks and measures for accomplishment of the Nation-wide target ecological program of the treatment of radioactive waste
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/ Наименование / Наименование / Значение показателя / Наименование /Главный рас-/ Источники /Прогно-/ В том числе по годам /
/ задачи / показателя /------------------------------------/ мероприятия / порядитель / финансиро-/ зируе-/-----------------------------------------/
/ / /всего/ по годам / / бюджетных / вания / мый / 2008/ 2009 / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013- /
/ / / /------------------------------/ / средств / (государ- / объем / / / / / / 2017 /
/ / / /2008/2009/2010/2011/2012/2013-/ / / ственный, / финан-/ / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / / /2017 / / / местный / совых / / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / / / / / / бюджет, / ресур-/ / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / / / / / / другие) /сов для/ / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / выпол-/ / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / нения / / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / задач,/ / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / млн / / / / / / /
/ / / / / / / / / / / / /гривень/ / / / / / /
/---------------+--------------+-----+----+----+----+----+----+-----+-----------------+------------+-----------+-------+-----+------+------+------+------+-------/
/1. Строитель- /количество / 21 / / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 13 /1) строительство /ГАЗО Украины/государ- / 544 / / 51 / 51 / 51 / 51 / 340 /
/ство, введение /построенных / / / / / / / /новых хранилищ / /ственный / / / / / / / /
/в эксплуатацию /хранилищ / / / / / / / /первой очереди / /бюджет / / / /
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