ORDER OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

of December 31, 2013 No. 1561

About the Strategic plan of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2014 - 2018

According to Articles 62 of the Budget code of the Republic of Kazakhstan of December 4, 2008 the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan DECIDES:

1. Approve the enclosed Strategic plan of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2014 - 2018.

2. Recognize invalid some decisions of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan according to appendix to this resolution.

3. This resolution becomes effective since January 1, 2014 and is subject to official publication.

Approved by the Order of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan of December 31, 2013, No. 1561

The strategic plan of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2014 - 2018

1. Mission and vision

The mission - the Ministry of Transport and Communications of the Republic of Kazakhstan (further - the Ministry) creates and pursues effective state policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of transport and communications for the purpose of ensuring the advancing rate of development of transport and communication complex.

Vision - the high-technology competitive transport and communication complex capable in full to satisfy the needs of economy and the population for transport services.

2. Analysis of the current situation and tendency of development

1. Strategic direction 1. Development of transport infrastructure of the Republic of Kazakhstan

1. Key parameters of development

Automobile and the railroads, navigable waters, the major part in implementation of intereconomic and interstate bonds is assigned to the transport complex of the republic provided railway, automobile, river, air by modes of transport. The transport share in the gross domestic product of the republic constituted % 7,4 in 2013.

As of January 1, 2014 the transportation network public of Kazakhstan consisted of 14,8 of one thousand km of the railroads; 97,4 of one thousand km of highways; 4,04 of one thousand km of internal water navigable waters.

Density of means of communication in 2013 in the territory of the republic on 1000 sq.km of the territory makes on railway tracks public of 5,5 of km, on highways with hard surface public of 31,5 of km.

The amount of transportation of goods by all modes of transport taking into account assessment of amount of transportations by the individual entrepreneurs who are engaged in commercial transportations made 3 277,1 million tons for 2013 that there is 8,7% more than an amount of 2012.

Transportations of passengers taking into account assessment of amount of transportations by the individual entrepreneurs who are engaged in commercial transportations for 2013 increased by 8,2 of % and constituted 20 001,5 million people.

Railway industry

In transport system of Kazakhstan rail transport possesses the leading role. Long distances of transportation, rather cheap rates for transportations of passengers and loads do rail transport to the most demanded from users.

Operational length of the railroads of Kazakhstan constitutes 14,8 of thousand km (including two-acceptable lines - 4,8 of thousand km (34%), the electrified lines - 4,2 of thousand km (28%), density - km 5,5 on 1000 square km, traffic volume - 21,8 of million ткм.

The main productive and economic indicators of joint-stock company "The Kazakstan temir Zhola national company (further - AO "KTZh Oil Company).

Indicators	Measurement unit.	Period
		2010	2011	2012	2013
It is transported loads	one million tons	267,7 (+8%)	279,6 (+ % 4,4)	294,7 (+ % 5,4)	287,7 (-% 2,4)
Cargo turnover	one billion ткм	213,2 (+8%)	223,6 (+ % 4,9)	235,8 (+ 5,4)	231,2 (-2%)
It is sent passengers	one million grazed.	15 (+ % 7,1)	16,5 (+10%)	19,5 (+ % 18,1)	19 (-% 2,6)
Passenger turnover	one billion пкм	13,9 (+ % 8,3)	14,6 (+ % 4,7)	16,7 (+14%)	16,9 (+ % 1,2)
Income	one billion tenges	518,6 (+19%)	712,1 (+ % 37,3)	819,3 (+15%)	894,2 (+ % 9,1)

 

The share of rail transport in general cargo turnover and passenger turnover of the country constitutes about 60%, at the same time its share in the income from transportations by all modes of transport of 20%.

In case of realization of reforms on rail transport within the last 10 years the following purposes were determined:

1) adaptation of rail transport to the market on condition of preserving the state control over the high-level railway system (further - MZhS);

2) ensuring availability, efficiency, safety and service quality of rail transport due to development of the competition in the transportation and providing activities;

3) creation of institutional conditions for involvement of private initiative and investments into industry;

4) development of import-substituting production base of rail transport.

During reform of railway industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan the following intermediate results were achieved:

1) non-core types of economic activity and social assets, such as schools and hospitals are allocated, and transferred to regional authorities;

2) repair shops to the competitive sector are allocated;

3) organizational and financial separation of passenger and freight transportation is performed. Partial state subsidizing of passenger traffic is begun.

Following the results of 2013 the locomotive fleet has 1 892 locomotives, including 556 units of electric locomotives, 1 336 units of diesel locomotives. The condition of the locomotive park is characterized by the high wearing reaching % 66,7.

Following the results of 2013 the general park of goods wagons of the Republic of Kazakhstan constitutes 128 250 units, from them 64 786 units or 50,5 of % are inventory, and 63 464 units or 49,5 of % own. The main problem of the inventory park of goods wagons is its high wearing reaching % 47,7.

Lack of price regulation on services in provision of goods wagons of owners of goods wagons creates favorable conditions for updating of railway vehicles.

As of 2013 the park of the cars intended for transportation of passengers constituted 2 043 units. The number of cars which during 2013 is subject to exception of the inventory park on useful life makes 102 units or 5,3 of % of the inventory park. For compensation of disposal of cars taking into account growth of passenger turnover during the period till 2014 it is necessary to acquire 757 cars.

At the same time in the period of 2012 - 2014 at the expense of budgetary funds on credit basis acquisition of 420 Talgo cars is planned.

It is also acquired at the expense of own means:

in 2011 - 34 cars;

in 2012 - 49 cars;

in 2013 - 49 cars.

Level of depreciation of the park constitutes % 60,2 now.

Now in the republic rail passenger traffic in interregional messages performs the state-owned and private companies according to the state social order on competitive basis with allocation of subsidies.

In competitive model of industry complete control and responsibility for updating of the assets involved in transportation process namely cars and locomotives are necessary for the companies performing passenger traffic.

According to the operating practice of regulation rates depending on type of the message and sort of load are differentiated. As a result, the income from transportations differs depending on segment of the market determined by type of the message and sort of load.

From the specified segments of transportations it is possible to allocate three groups:

1) low-profit transportations: coal (export, interregional message), ore (export, interregional message), construction loads (import), grain loads (export, interregional message), other loads (interregional message);

2) high-profit transportations: oil loads (export), ferrous metals (export, import, interregional message), chemical and mineral fertilizers (export, import, interregional message), other loads (import);

3) self-sustaining transportations: coal (import), oil loads (import, interregional message), ore (import), construction loads (export, interregional message), grain loads (import), other loads (export).

Now AO "KTZh Oil Company is the single carrier of loads in the market of the Republic of Kazakhstan. At the same time for implementation of transportations of AO "the KTZh Oil Company uses railway vehicles of AO "Locomotive", AO "Kaztem_rtrans", inventory cars of other railway administrations and the private park of cars of the operator companies.

It is transported loads according to messages:

 

Indicators	Measurement unit.	Period
		2010	2011	2012	2013
Intra-republican	one million tons	140,9 (+ % 7,1)	148,7 (+ % 5,5)	158,8 (+ % 6,8)	156,3 (-% 1,6)
export		96,1 (+12%)	97,9 (+2%)	100,9 (+ % 3,1)	101,6 (+ % 0,7)
import		16,9 (+ % 6,9)	17,9 (+ % 5,9)	18,8 (+ % 4,7)	19,7 (+ % 4,8)
transit		14,0 (-% 5,4)	15,1 (+ % 7,9)	16,3 (+ % 7,8)	16 (-% 1,8)

 

By 2018 it is planned to revitalize about 4 thousand km of the high-level network, to acquire 564 units of locomotives and 19 369 units of goods wagons.

Main infrastructure projects:

 

№ of payment order	Projects	Measurement unit.	Cost is one billion тг.	Financing source	Realization terms
Construction of rail lines
1	Beyneu - Zhezkazgan	1036 km	561	Republic of Belarus, own means of AO "KTZh Oil Company, borrowed funds	2012 - 2016
2	Arkalyk - Shubarkol	214 km	133	Republic of Belarus, own means of AO "KTZh Oil Company, borrowed funds	2012 - 2015
3	Zhetygen - Kurkuduk	74 km	27,9	Concession	2015-2017
Other projects
4	Construction of station complex in Astana	1	158	Republic of Belarus, own means of AO "KTZh Oil Company, borrowed funds	2013-2016

Road industry

As of 2013 the total length of highways in Kazakhstan constitutes about 152 thousand km. From them, more 97, one thousand km of the public road (the road of republican value - 23, one thousand km, local - 73,9 of one thousand km), 44 thousand km of the street of settlements and about 11 thousand km economic roads in the form of entrances to industrial enterprises, mines, farmer and to forestry, other productions, carrying out role of technological roads.

Since 2005, the construction and reconstruction of all types of roads is conducted with settlement load of axis to 13 tons, all international corridors are reconstructed in parameters not lower than II technical categories. Five-step quality control is implemented.

For the last 13 years 1 billion tenges, at the same time is allocated for development of industry, including local network, 1 859, if in 2001 7 billion tenges, then in 2013 323, are financed by one billion tenges 27,. For these years from 97,4 of one thousand km of public roads it is subjected to reconstruction and different types of repair of more 51,9 of one thousand km of roads, including on republican network - 28,0 of one thousand km.

Implementation of the largest project in road industry - reconstruction of the international transit corridor "Western Europe - the Western China" is continued.

Financing of this project is provided from 3 sources: borrowed funds, the republican budget and private investments on concessionary basis.

The main share of financing of the project is constituted by external loans of 5 international financial institutions, agreements on loans for total amount 5, are signed by 5 billion dollars of the USA.

Works are conducted in the territory of five areas (Almaty, Aktyubinsk, Kyzylorda, Jambyl and Southern Kazakhstan). 4,5 of one thousand pieces of equipment, 30 asphalt concrete, 28th cement and concrete plants and 34 crushers is mobilized.

Over 35 thousand road builders are involved (including 34,4 of one thousand people the Kazakhstan personnel and 579 people - foreign personnel).

For January 1, 2014 makes fortune of network of highways of republican value: good - 31%; satisfactory - 50%; unsatisfactory - 19%;

made fortune of highways of local value: good - 17%; satisfactory - 49%; unsatisfactory - 34%.

For the period 2014 - 2018 are planned reconstruction and repair about 21,6 of one thousand km of highways, including reconstruction of 4,0 of one thousand km and repair of 7,6 of one thousand km of highways of republican value and 10 thousand km of local roads.

Novelty is implementation of market-based approaches and for these purposes use of mechanisms of public-private partnership with introduction of the paid nature is important. In this direction it is planned to realize the BAKAD project.

Till 2019 Western Europe - the Western China" and sites the countries connecting the capital with the regional centers, and also the main exits to neighboring countries is planned to complete completely works on all 6 international corridors, including the international transit corridor ". Work on projects implementation, the investment projects of road industry which are part designated in the State program of development and integration of infrastructure of transport system of the Republic of Kazakhstan till 2020 namely work on reconstruction of sections of highways of Almaty - Astana - Petropavlovsk, Samara - Shymkent, Omsk - Pavlodar - Maykapshagay, Astrakhan - Atyrau - Aktau - Turkmenbashy, Tashkent - Shymkent - Almaty - Horgos, by Aktobe - Martuk, Astana - Kostanay - Chelyabinsk, Taskesken - Bakhta, Almaty - Ust-Kamenogorsk, Astana - Shiderta - Pavlodar and Kurta - Burylbaytal is continued.

Within the assignment given by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the enlarged meeting of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan on January 23, 2013 works on construction and reconstruction of highways in three directions will be begun:

1) Astana - Karaganda - Balkhash - Kurta - Kapshagay - Almaty - 1257 km;

2) Astana - Pavlodar - Semey - Kalbatau - Ust-Kamenogorsk - 951 km;

3) Astana - Arkalyk - Shalkar - Beyneu - Aktau - 1 527 km.

Within preparation to "EXPO-2017" implementation of the following projects is planned:

1) Astana - Temirtau - 178 km;

2) Astana - Pavlodar - 413 km;

3) the Southwest bypass of the city of Astana - 31 km;

4) Shchuchinsk - Zerenda - 80 km.

Civil aviation

In the republic perform activities of 50 airlines and operators of aircrafts, from them 24 commercial air transportations and 1 airline - non-commercial airborne transportations perform, 25 operators of aircrafts perform aviation works (aviation and chemical, lesopatrulirovany, flight of oil and gas pipelines and other work types).

In the State register of civil aircrafts of the Republic of Kazakhstan stay on the registry of 516 aircrafts.

The Kazakhstan air carriers, such as AO "Eyre Astana", AO "Slope", carry out flights in the territory of 18 foreign states. To Kazakhstan regular passenger flights perform 30 foreign airlines from 18 countries of the world. In the field of internal air traffic regular flights along 46 routes are performed.

The program for upgrade and development of objects of land infrastructure is implemented. For today from 15 airports allowed to servicing of the international flights 13 are categorized according to standards of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): the airports of Astana and Almaty on categories IIIA, the airport of Atyrau on the II category, the airports of Pavlodar, Shymkent, Karaganda, Zhezkazgan, Aktau, Aktobe, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kyzylorda, Kokshetau, Taraz on the I category ICAO.

For the purpose of providing and increase in level of safety reconstruction of artificial landing strips at the airports of Uralsk and Petropavlovsk is planned for 2014 - 2015 that will allow to increase the number of the airports, to ICAO relevant international standards.

Lot of work was carried out on further development of transit capacity of the republic which effective use is the measure directed to extraction of additional incomes for civil aviation and preserving high dynamics of its development.

Growth of transit movement of aircrafts through airspace of Kazakhstan for the period constituted 2005 - 2008 over 10% a year.

If in 2005 transit constituted 84,8 of one million aircraft-kilometers, then in in 2010 - 128,4 of one million aircraft-kilometers, in 2011 - 155,7 of one million aircraft-kilometers, in 2012 - 164,4 of one million aircraft-kilometers, in 2013 - 171,3 of one million aircraft-kilometers.

The network of international routes of AO "Eyre Astana" covers more than 20 directions. The transit share in the total amount of the international air transportation does not exceed 10%. Meanwhile, in the region of Central Asia there is already bitter competitive struggle on the example of development of national airlines of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Azerbaydazhana, including Russia where the share of transfer transportations constitutes from 30% and more.

Based on three airport complexes of Astana as capital, Almaty - as financial center and Atyrau - as center of oil production the specialized "hubs", largest in the region, capable to satisfy the growing requirements at the level of the acknowledged international standards develop.

Since 2017 the airport of Karaganda as the industrial center with geographically advantageous position in the territory of Kazakhstan will function as "hub".

Water transport

Now coastal transport infrastructure of Kazakhstan on the Caspian Sea includes two operating seaports - Aktau and Bautino.

At the same time the Aktau port is involved in transfer of loads in export import and transit m the message. The port of Bautino specializes as base of support of sea oil operations.

In 2013 through Aktau port 10,1 of one million tons is transshipped that is 8% lower in comparison with 2012.

The main nomenclature of the loads which are annually transshipped through seaports is constituted by oil, metal, grain, ferry and other loads. At the same time amounts of transfer of oil through Aktau port gradually decrease, at the same time there is need for increase in port capacities on processing of dry loads.

The existing needs of growth of processing of dry loads for Aktau port will be provided for the account:

1) project implementations of expansion of port in the northern direction, (completion in 2015) handling capacity to Aktau port for transfer of dry loads will increase by 2,5 of one million tons;

2) the taken measures for automation of handling activities and improvement of quality of rendering services.

In the ocean shipping market in the Caspian Basin the fleet of Kazakhstan constitutes 5% which consists of 8 tankers with a loading capacity of 12-13 thousand tons and 2 dry cargo vessels.

About 70% from the total amount of the oil transshipped through Aktau port are transported by domestic tankers.

All amount of dry loads was transported by foreign shipping companies, however for the purpose of diversification of the rendered services in the ocean shipping market of loads step-by-step increase in the dry-cargo fleet is supposed.

At the same time questions of increase in competitiveness of merchant marine fleet of Kazakhstan for what it is necessary to create equal conditions for the Kazakhstan shipping companies not lower than the level, existing in the Caspian states require the solution. At the same time for ensuring loading of the courts with domestic consignors the issue of change of sales terms of export loads with FOB Aktau port on CIF will be handled.

For increase in level of safety on water transport measures for providing the organization of control on sea transport according to requirements of the conventions accepted by IMO will be taken. In particular, creation of Sea port administration, strengthening of navigation safety, including due to installation of additional management systems movement of courts in the port of Kuryk and on Uralo-Kaspiysk the channel are assumed.

Now river navigation is performed in basins of the Irtysh Rivers, the Urals, Kigach, Ishim, Or, the Kapchagaysky water storage basin and Lake Balkhash. Total length of the operated sections of waterways constitutes 4 108,5 km from which on 4 040,5 km the actions connected with navigation safety are implemented.

Transportations of passengers and loads are performed by the private shipowners having 659 courts from which 248 are not operated and require repair.

River transport occupies small specific weight in total amounts of work of transport of the republic. For 2013 navigable transport it is transported 1 092, by one thousand tons of loads, in comparison with 2012 there was reduction by % 14,2. 92,9 of one thousand passengers is transported that there is 4,6% less than an amount of 2012.

Road transport

In development of market infrastructure, expansion of domestic and foreign trade important role is played by road transport.

The motor park of the republic according to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the end of 2013 contains 3 million 190 thousand vehicles, from them 398 thousand cargo vehicles, 94,4 of one thousand buses, 3 190,0 thousand automobile. Besides, in the republic 74,7 of one thousand motor-transport, and also 168,5 of one thousand automobile trailers is registered.

Republic motor transport taking into account assessment of amount of transportations by the individual entrepreneurs who are engaged in commercial transportations for 2013 it is transported loads - the 2nd 982, by one million tons, the cargo turnover constituted 145, one billion ткм. In comparison with 2012 the amount of transportation of goods increased by % 9,7, the cargo turnover increased on 9, %. Passengers it is transported - 19 967,9 million people, the passenger turnover constituted one billion 203,4 пкм. In comparison with 2012 there was increase in these indicators at 8,2 of % and 10,9 of % respectively. In the international message following the results of 2013 4 772,5 thousand tons of load, including in the import message 3 323,3 of one thousand tons, in the export message 1 449,2 of one thousand tons of load are transported.

About 12 thousand vehicles, from them on the "international road carriages" system are allowed to the international motor transportations (further - MDP) is involved 6 684 cars now. For the purpose of uninterrupted ensuring transportation of goods exchange of forms of permissions with 40 countries of Europe and Asia in quantity about 140 thousand copies is annually carried out.

Now share of participation of the Kazakhstan carriers in the market of transportation of goods in the international message road transport constitutes 38%.

According to the regular message there are over 137 international and 254 interregional regular passenger routes.

The park of cars is characterized by high wearing - the specific weight of the vehicles which are in operation over 12 years makes 70%, including 80% of buses and 60% of cargo vehicles.

In this regard in the republic emissions in the atmosphere of hazardous substances from stationary sources constitute one million tons/year about 2,5, and transport emissions exceed on 1 million tons/year.

Step-by-step introduction of standards of Euro will allow to limit import of obsolete cars, to raise competitiveness of the Kazakhstan incomplete vehicle manufacturers, and also quality of the issued and imported fuel.

Also since January 1, 2012 functions on carrying out technical inspection of vehicles are transferred from the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan in competitive environment, and power on control of the organization and carrying out technical inspection - in the Ministry.

According to new procedure technical inspection of vehicles is performed by the private centers having stationary and mobile lines of engineering supervision which automatically determine parameters of efficiency of the brake system, steering, elements of suspension bracket, emissions in the atmosphere, etc.

2. Analysis of the main problems

Railway industry

In railway industry the network of the railroads is insufficiently developed, depreciation of fixed assets, deficit of passenger railway vehicles grows. There are low level of service and lack of the competition, insufficient financing of updating and development of rail transport also affects. The operating principles of tariff setting and the mechanism of regulation exclude focus of carrier on the client. It is necessary to realize most effectively the transit capacity of the country and to attract new (private) subjects on development of rail lines which in turn will allow to create competitive environment in transport and communication complex and to increase vehicle park.

Foreign experience of subsidizing provides compensation of the loss of income of carrier on socially important transportations taking into account covering of operational and investment requirements and the conclusion of long-term contracts between the state and carrier.

As for profitability of passenger traffic, opinion that all transportations are unambiguously unprofitable, not absolutely correctly. There are countries in which passenger transport makes profit it is, for example, Switzerland and Japan. At the same time in the majority of other countries, including the USA, France, Germany and many other states, the passenger complex in general is unprofitable.

From this point of view, Russia, as well as the USA, cannot lead passenger complex of distant following to positive financial result: also social value has the train as mode of transport. In Europe of chances it is much more as against the background of rapidly growing prices on gasoline the share of personal vehicles in average transportations will begin to decrease gradually.

The structure of transportations by railway transport in Russia is deformed towards freight transportation while in the small countries with dense population the share of passenger traffic is much higher.

The economic policy allowing for many years cross subsidizing of passenger traffic at the expense of cargo, and also other industries of economy (mining, construction and agro-industrial complex) due to fall of railway tariffs concerning increase in prices, leads to "washing away" of assets of industry and quality degradation of transport infrastructure of the state.

Cumulative depreciation of fixed assets of industry creates danger of loss of technological stability of rail transport and developing resource of railway vehicles and infrastructure facilities determines the considerable need for investments into updating.

Efficiency of rail transport, the existing assortment, availability and the service quality provided to users the level of implementation of innovations in activities not fully meet modern market requirements.

Considering value of rail activity for all industries of economy of the state, the Ministry together with AO "KTZh Oil Company carried out large-scale, system work on development of the integrated approaches on further development of rail transport of the Republic of Kazakhstan which constituted basis of the Section of rail transport the State program of development and integration of infrastructure of transport system of the Republic of Kazakhstan till 2020.

At the same time the main objective of this program is forming of optimum system of functioning of railway industry and creation of conditions for competitiveness and development of national carriers of loads and passengers.

Also the program provides development of freight transportation, development of passenger traffic, development and upgrade of railway infrastructure, upgrade and development of station economy, updating and upgrade of fixed assets of production of railway industry, development of domestic railway engineering industry.

 

Cars as of 2013:

Name	Inventory park	Working park	Non-working park
cars, piece.	1 919	1 877	42
goods wagons, piece.	65 366	59635	5731
AO "Kazakstan Tem_r Zhola Oil Company	419	419	-
AO "Kaztem_rtrans"	63 861	58175	5686
AO "Kaztransservice"	477	436	41
Repair Corporation Kamkor LLP	609	605	4

 

Locomotives as of 2013:

 

Name	Inventory park	The operated park	Unexploited park
main diesel locomotives, piece.	722	590	132
electric locomotives, piece.	528	447,5	80,5
shunting diesel locomotives, piece.	538	445	93

 

Deficit of cars with the accruing result

 

Years	2010	2011	2012	2013
deficit of cars, piece.	448	310	183	102

Road industry

Considerable part of motor transportation infrastructure is operated outside normative term, another approaches this term in this connection the situation on safety of work of transport significantly worsens.

Are noted high wear of the available road and operational equipment; high capital intensity of recovery work, insufficient development financing of network of highways of republican value and observance of reserve maintenance periods of service of roads, low technical parameters of the existing highways (on settlement load of axis, category, etc.), high risk of accident rate and death rate on roads with 2-band movement, the low level of development of highways of regional and district values, owing to insufficient financing from local budgets, and lack of access highways with hard surface to 1 861 rural settlements.

Civil aviation

In the field of civil aviation the main problems are:

1) the obsolete park of regional aircrafts which is not conforming to standards of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO);

2) discrepancy of number of the regional airports to international standards ICAO for acceptance release of aircrafts;

3) considerable depreciation of special equipment, light-signal equipment and equipment of electric utility service, communications;

4) lack of necessary level of equipment of air-transport infstruktura land equipment, cargo warehouses and terminals;

5) expensive aviation fuel in comparison with neighboring states;

6) shortage of aviation personnel.

The above-stated problems lie in the economic plane and possibilities of financing of development of infrastructure of the airports.

So, updating of aircrafts depends on the level of profitability of air transportation and development of the competition that stimulates air carriers to updating of the vessel fleet.

Development of infrastructure of the airports at initial stage of formation of industry of civil aviation requires financial support from the government budget.

Development of land infrastructure, including reconstruction of the airports, material equipment of land infrastructure (landing strips, air terminal, special equipment and others). The condition of landing strips of some airports not fully meets safety requirements.

Forming of personnel potential is one of problems of industry of civil aviation. It is caused by the fact that specialties are narrow-purpose, and also the insufficient level of material and technical resources of the educational institutions performing training. Besides, graduates are not demanded in the labor market, in connection with the low level of knowledge of English and lack of modern educational exercise machines, and also insufficient experience of practical raids. In this regard, training is not able to provide requirements of industry today. At the same time the similar situation is observed in neighboring countries.

Water transport

In the field of water transport insufficient capacity of port and service infrastructure, deficit of qualified domestic specialists, discrepancy of navigable locks to separate requirements of technical safety, insufficient quantity of merchant marine fleet, depreciation of the state technical fleet are observed.

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