ORDER OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

of June 2, 2011 No. 277

About the State strategy of development for the labor market of the Republic of Tajikistan till 2020

According to Article 6 (1) the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan "About the state forecasts, concepts, strategy and programs of social and economic development of the Republic of Tajikistan" and for the purpose of execution of actions of Strategy of reducing poverty of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2010 - 2012. The national strategy of development for the Republic of Tajikistan for the period till 2015 and increase in the employment level, creation of the labor market, flexible, protected and available to all, the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan decides:

1) to Approve the State strategy of development for the labor market of the Republic of Tajikistan till 2020 it (is applied).

2) For ensuring coordination, control of accomplishment of tasks and actions of the State strategy of development for the labor market of the Republic of Tajikistan till 2020 to create the Leading council under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan. To assign coordination of work of the Leading council to the Minister of work, migration and employment of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan.

3) to the Ministry of Labour, migration and employment of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan in two-month time to submit for approval of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan the corresponding draft of the resolution on structure and Regulations on the Leading council.

4) to the Ministries and departments, executive bodies of the government of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region, areas, the city of Dushanbe, cities and areas of republican subordination in coordination with the Leading council annually to develop interdepartmental and regional plans on realization of tasks of this Strategy and to provide information on their execution in the Ministry of Labour, migrations and employment of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan.

Approved by the Order of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan of June 2, 2011 No. 277

The state strategy of development for the labor market of the Republic of Tajikistan till 2020

List of reducings and abbreviations

AN - Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan

EXPERT - The agency of statistics in case of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan

GDP - Gross Internal Product

VTM - External labor migration

GBAO - the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region

GKIUGI - State committee on investments and management of state-owned property of the Republic of Tajikistan

OTZN - Bodies of work and employment of the population. Functions of data of bodies are performed by the Agency of work and employment of the population in the scheme of management of the Ministry of Labour, migration and employment of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan

EU - European Union

IAPRT - Executive office of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan

IGUPRT - Institute of public administration in case of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan

KTP - Committee on television and broadcasting under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan

MZSZN - Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Republic of Tajikistan

MFA - Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan

MON - Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tajikistan

MCX - Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Tajikistan

MT - Ministry of transport of the Republic of Tajikistan

MTMZN - Ministry of Labour, migrations and employment of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan

MF - Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Tajikistan

MEDT - Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Republic of Tajikistan

MEVR - Ministry of Energy and Water Resources of the Republic of Tajikistan

MU - Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Tajikistan

ILO - International Organization Work

Tax Code - The Tax Committee under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan

NGO - Non-governmental organizations

ORS - Inspection of labor power

ORRT - Merging of employers of the Republic of Tajikistan

RRP - Areas of republican subordination

Media - Mass media

Joint venture - Social partners: employee organizations (labor unions), organizations of employers

FNPT - Federation of independent labor unions of Tajikistan

TsSI - The center of strategic researches in case of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan

ASSP - The agency of social insurance and pension under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan

SGNSTMZN - Service on the state supervision in the field of work, migration and employment of the population. This

The service - performs functions on the state supervision and checks of compliance with law of the Republic of Tajikistan about work, rules on labor protection, standards and regulations of labor safety, to conducting examination of working conditions, migration and employment of the population which is included in the Scheme of management of the Ministry of Labour, migration and employment of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan

1. Introduction

The prepared State Strategy of development for the labor market of the Republic of Tajikistan till 2020 (further - Strategy) is the planning document of policy and reflects, those actions which the Republic of Tajikistan will perform in the long-term period to provide economic growth and to promote employment increase. Need of development of this Strategy is determined within the Strategy of Reducing Poverty of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2010 - 2012.

In case of development of Strategy results and recommendations of the analytical report "Policy Pile in Tajikistan", data of official statistics and inspections of labor power, information from different reports and researches, reports on researches of the international and local experts executed within preparation of the above-named analytical report the planning documents of policy accepted by the government - the National development strategy till 2015, the Strategy of reducing poverty of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2010 - 2012 were used.

For development of this Strategy in January, 2010 in case of technical support of the project of the EU "Technical assistance to the Program of Support of forming of policy in the field of social protection - work Policy component" was created (EuropeAid/127893/C/SER/TJ) interdepartmental working group. Specialists from the Ministry of Labour, migration and employment of the population of the Republic of Tajikistan and its subordinated organizations, the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Ministry of Energy and Water Resources of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Ministry of transport of the Republic of Tajikistan, the State committee on investments and management of state-owned property of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Tax Committee under the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan, Agency of statistics in case of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Institute of demography of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Center of strategic researches were part of this working group in case of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, representatives of the international organizations and non-governmental sector, and also Social partners.

2. Economic development

The economic policy is closely connected with policy of employment and the labor market. Political stability and implementable policy of the state influenced economic growth. Annually population level of living raises. Main indicators of development

In 2009 in comparison with 2005 the Gross internal product in current prices (GDP) grew in time 2,9, and its annual average growth rate made percent 6,6. Raw materials export, in particular, of cotton and aluminum helped to develop national economy. Since 2005 GDP per capita grew in time 2,62, but inflation (annual average indicator) also was considerable during this period - about 11,5 of percent (the Table 1). GDP amount in 2009 made 20628, 3 million somoni, its actual growth in the comparable prices of last year reached percent 3,9. Nevertheless, it was higher in comparison with other countries of the region.

Table 1

Main indicators of development

-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------
| Показатели        | 2005 г. | 2006 г. | 2007 г. | 2008 г. | 2009 г.|
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
|               Прирост по сравнению с предыдущим годом, в %         |
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
| ВВП               | 6,7     | 7,0     | 7,8     | 7,9     | 3,9    |
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
|Уровень инфляции   | 7,1     | 12,5    | 19,7    | 11,8    | 6,4    |
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
|Экспорт            | -0,7    | 54,0    | 4,9     | -4,0    | -28,3  |
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
|Импорт             | 11,7    | 29,7    | 47,6    | 28,5    | -21,5  |
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
|                               в % к ВВП                            |
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
|Дефицит(-),        | 0,4     | 0,7     | 2,2     | 2,3     | 1,3    |
|профицит (+)       |         |         |         |         |        |
|государственного   |         |         |         |         |        |
|бюджета            |         |         |         |         |        |
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
|Внешний долг       | 38,9    | 31,0    | 30,2    | 26,7    | 36,5   |
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
|Инвестиции в       | 4,3     | 7,1     | 15,3    | 21,8    | 18,9   |
|основной капитал   |         |         |         |         |        |
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+

Source: data of official statistics

In 2002 - 2004 economic growth reached percent 10,3-11,0, but in 2005 - 2008 its annual average indicator constituted 7,35 of percent. Decrease is explained by impact of higher prices of oil and influence of the international financial crisis - fall of the prices of key export raw materials and decrease in amounts of money transfers from the migrants working abroad.

In 2009 the rate of inflation made 6, percent whereas for 2006-2008 this indicator was more than 10 percent.

In 2009 the income of the government budget (in total amount) constituted 5951, 8 million somoni, and expenses - 5687, one million somoni. From 2005 to 2009 the government budget (in total amount) is performed with exceeding. In 2009 the total amount of the government budget constituted percent 28,9 from GDP, including budget receipts due to tax and non-tax revenues constituted 18,7 of percent from GDP.

One of the most important purposes of the Government - implementation of mid-term planning of the government budget.

Increase in external debt raises risk degree of loss of macroeconomic stability. The private non-quaranteed debt increased in time 3,25 within two years: from 298, 8 million US dollars for January 1, 2006 to 969, 9 million US dollars for January 1, 2008, and then decreased to 898, 7 million US dollars for January 1, 2009 from which the principal debt constitutes 98 percent. The external debt for 2008 constituted 1371, 44 million US dollars. Thus, for January 1, 2009 the total debt (private non-quaranteed and external) constituted 2270, 14 million US dollars that GDP percent 45,0 equals.

Potential of economic growth best of all characterizes increase in investments. The last three years more than 15 percent from GDP were spent for forming of fixed assets. The industrial development was not homogeneous, Traditional spheres of economy which dominated till 1991 lost basis, especially light industry. The non-ferrous metallurgy increased the share almost by 5 times, the strong growth was observed in production of construction materials and in products of the flour-grinding industry. The energy sector increased the share in time 1,5.

Production of consumer goods decreased. Level of processing of agricultural products remains low. The clear tendency of movement from production of end product to preprocessing of own natural resources of the country or the imported raw materials is shown. More effective strategy of economic development is necessary for Tajikistan which has minerals and rich natural resources.

For the solution of these problems the Government takes specific steps. It is accepted number of program documents on development of the industry and recycling industries, the circle of entrepreneurship improves, different investments are more and more attracted.

3. Labor market

§1. Economic activity of the population

Despite the observed growth of economic indicators since 2005 level of economic activity of able-bodied population decreases, and in 2009 made 50,2 is sung (the Table 2). Very low is level of economic activity of women. Level of economic activity of men is twice higher, than at women.

Table 2

Indicators of labor power

+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------
| Показатели        | 2005 г. | 2006 г. | 2007 г. | 2008 г. | 2009 г.|
+-------------------+---------+---------+---------+---------+--------+
| Количество населе-| 3 984,4 | 4 121,3 | 4 25

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