ORDER OF THE STATE COMMITTEE OF UKRAINE ON INDUSTRIAL SAFETY, LABOR PROTECTION AND MOUNTAIN SUPERVISION

of December 31, 2008 No. 308

About approval of Rules of structure and safe operation of lift trucks

According to the Law of Ukraine "About labor protection" I ORDER:

1. Approve Rules of structure and safe operation of lift trucks which are attached.

2. (Perevoznik I. O.) in accordance with the established procedure to provide to management of scientific and technical ensuring the state supervision provision of this order on state registration in the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine.

3. To the head of department of normative and legal and legal providing Prokhorov V. V. to include this order in the State register of regulatory legal acts concerning labor protection.

4. To the assistant department head of personnel, clerical work and special work Kravets V. Yu. provide publication of the order in mass media.

5. To impose control over the implementation of this order on the Acting First Deputy Chairman of Gosgorpromnadzor Dengin A. P.

 

Approved by the Order of the State committee of Ukraine on industrial safety, labor protection and mountain supervision of December 31, 2008 No. 308

Rules of structure and safe operation of lift trucks

I. General provisions

1.1. Rules of structure and safe operation of lift trucks (further - Rules) establish requirements to structure, production, reconstruction, upgrade, repair and operation of lift trucks.

1.2. Action of these rules extends on:

a) fork trucks with counterbalance (auto-loaders and electric lift trucks);

b) lift trucks with the sliding load-lifter or pitchfork;

c) lift trucks with the pitchfork located between portable support (longerons);

d) lift trucks with platform;

?) lift trucks with workplace of the driver which rises;

e) lift trucks with side acceptance of load (unilateral, bilateral, frontal and side and so forth);

e) stackers:

self-propelled (with workplace of the driver or managed from floor);

with manual movement (with the electric or hydraulic drive of raising, with raising the manual winch);

combined.

Types of lift trucks to which these rules extend are given in appendix 1.

1.3. Requirements of these rules regarding requirements to structure extend to the lift trucks and stackers (further lift trucks) made later entries into force of these rules, and regarding requirements to operation, repair, reconstruction, upgrade and to production of components of lift trucks for these purposes - as well to those which are in operation.

1.4. These rules does not extend to load trolleys with the lifting device; the front-end, semi-rotary, cross over odnokovshovy, fork and clamshell loaders equipped with lever system; on snow loaders; on multibucket loaders and lift trucks with the raking together paws, and also on fork front-end arrow trucks (with telescopic arrow).

II. Determination of terms

2.1. In these rules the terms established by the existing regulatory legal acts, standards, sanitary standards and rules are used (further - ND). Below the terms which are in addition used in these rules and determination of the concepts designated by them are submitted.

2.1.1. Load-carrying capacity nominal - the largest mass of load specified by producer which can transport and lift lift truck (stacker) on height equal:

3300 mm or the greatest height if height of raising is less than 3300 mm (fork trucks with counterbalance; lift trucks with the rising driver's seat; lift trucks with side acceptance of load);

3300 mm in case of distance of D (400 mm, 500 mm or 600 mm) between the center of load weight and front surface of back of pitchfork, with the vertical load-lifter and horizontal pitchfork (lift trucks/stackers / with the sliding load-lifter or pitchfork and lift trucks/stackers / with the pitchfork located between portable support / longerons/);

2500 mm in case of distance between pitchfork or platform width to 690 mm inclusive or 3300 mm in case of distance between pitchfork or width of platform is more than 690 mm in case of distance of D (400 mm, 500 mm or 600 mm) between the center of load weight and front surface of back of pitchfork or emphasis of platform (stackers and lift trucks with platform).

2.1.2. The load-lifter - the heavy lift gear of lift truck consisting from fixed not movably or with possibility of inclination back and forth on certain corner of vertical frame in which the cargo carriage or one of several mobile guides with the carriage vertically moves.

2.1.3. The load-lifter not telescopic (idle time) load-lifter consisting only of one couple of guides.

2.1.4. The load-lifter telescopic - the load-lifter consisting of couple of vertical guides fixed not movably and one (or several) mobile guides.

2.1.5. The upper surface of canine - canine surface on which the load is located.

2.1.6. Height of free raising - distance from the bearing area of wheels to the upper surface of the canine lifted on height behind which increase in dimensional height of vertically established load-lifter begins.

2.1.7. Raising height - the greatest distance from the upper surface of canine of the lifted pitchfork established in horizontal position to the bearing area of wheels.

2.1.8. Raising height nominal - the raising height established by the producer on which it is allowed to lift nominal load.

2.1.9. Raising height maximum - the greatest height on which the load raising is allowed.

2.1.10. Load trolley with the lifting device - the cart equipped with the device with pitchfork or platform for load raising on height sufficient only for ensuring its movement.

2.1.11. The truck operator - the worker responsible for movement of lift truck (stacker).

The driver during management can sit, polusidet or stand in lift truck (stacker), stand on platform of the driver which can develop, rotate or rise together with pitchfork, or can manage from floor, accompanying the stacker on foot.

2.1.12. Dynamic load - the loading created by fivefold accomplishment of such transactions (with the load which is exceeding nominal load-carrying capacity for 10% and having distance of the center of weight the D/figure 1/):

raising on the complete height and lowering on the platform with 2-3 stops with the load-lifter inclined back;

load-lifter inclination completely forward and back with the pitchfork lifted on height from 900 mm to 1000 mm.

2.1.13. The chart of load-carrying capacity - the chart of dependence of truck capacity on distance of the center of load weight to front surface of back of pitchfork or from load raising height.

2.1.14. Long load - the load having length more than 2 m.

2.1.15. Additional platform - the cargo platform available from the driver's platform (cabin or driver's seat) and intended for installation on the load-lifter (fixed on the carriage and (or) on pitchfork and so forth) the picker or lift truck with driver's seat which rises.

2.1.16. Operation - stage of lifecycle of lift truck at which implement support and recover quality of lift truck.

Operation covers stages of commissioning, proper use, storage in use, maintenance, repair, the operation termination, write-off (transfer, utilization, destruction).

2.1.17. The replaceable cargo fascinating device - the device (for example, the extender, shtyrevy the aggressor, bezblochny arrow, stalkivatel, the carriage of cross movement, the tilter, the displaced side aggressor, the aggressor tilter, ladle and so forth) with which the lift truck in addition to pitchfork (platform) or instead of them, for ensuring movement of different loads (rolls, sacks, barrels, bulked cargoes and so forth) can be equipped.

2.1.18. Canine - the horizontal part of pitchfork bearing load.

2.1.19. The carriage - the mobile component of the load-lifter which is put on the fixed not movably vertical frame (in case of not telescopic load-lifter) or on the last (internal) mobile guide (in case of the telescopic load-lifter) which bears pitchfork or replaceable cargo fascinating devices.

2.1.20. Braking coefficient With - the relation expressed in b percent:

a) delay and, m/quarter with, lift truck, necessary for complete braking, to the acceleration of gravity of g, m/quarter with

b) forces of braking of F, N which develops lift truck, to b b of force of attraction of mass of m of this lift truck

where m, kg - the mass of lift truck with nominal load.

2.1.21. The picker - the lift truck equipped with platform of the driver which can rise together with pitchfork that allows the driver to load (to unload) load from rack in the loading device or additional platform.

2.1.22. The angle of free turn of steering wheel - angle of rotation of steering wheel in case of the working engine without shift of the managed wheels.

2.1.23. Upgrade - modification of design of lift truck, the separate components increasing its safety, technological level or improving economic characteristics by replacement by more modern for preserving the main technical characteristics of lift truck which do not cause increase, redistribution of loadings or reduction of own or cargo firmness.

2.1.24. Lift truck - the machine of cyclic action which belongs to motor transport (technological vehicles), equipped with the lifting mechanism (load-lifter) and pitchfork (platform) or one of replaceable cargo fascinating devices for providing raising, transportation, loading and unloading, stacking and laying of loads.

2.1.25. The fork truck - the lift truck equipped with pitchfork or one of replaceable cargo fascinating devices which has load located konsolno rather front wheels is counterbalanced with counterbalance with the mass of lift truck.

2.1.26. Lift truck with side capture of load (unilateral) lift truck, the load-lifter or the carriage of which can be pushed and moved between axes back (front and back bridges) the chassis is perpendicular to longitudinal axis of the chassis that allows to pick up and lift load without container in balanced provision concerning one party of the machine and to stack or sort stack near lift truck.

2.1.27. Lift truck with side capture of load (bilateral) lift truck capable to stack and extend load on both sides in the direction of movement of lift truck.

2.1.28. Lift truck with side capture of load (frontal and side) lift truck capable to stack and extend load in front and on both sides in the direction of movement of lift truck.

2.1.29. The lift truck with the pitchfork located between portable support (longerons) - lift truck which pitchfork is located between the portable support (longerons) carried on width and the center of load weight always is in basic contour.

2.1.30. Lift truck with sliding the load-lifter or the vilamipogruzchik equipped with portable support (longerons) in which the load can be in addition moved by movement of the load-lifter or cargo plate with pitchfork.

2.1.31. Lift truck with the rising workplace the voditelyapogruzchik equipped with platform of the driver which can rise together with load during stacking.

2.1.32. Lift truck with platform - the lift truck equipped with the cargo platform located over frame design (portable support).

2.1.33. The danger area of lift truck - space in which workers are exposed to risk concerning the health or safety owing to movement of load by lift truck or owing to fall of load during its movement and stacking by lift truck taking into account horizontal projection to the earth of trajectory of movement of the greatest external dimension of load and distance of possible uletaniye of load.

2.1.34. Off-gage load - the load exceeding the established dimension.

2.1.35. Front surface of back of pitchfork - surface of back against which the load rests and from which the distance of D to its center of weight is measured.

2.1.36. The driver's platform - lift truck component on which the driver for management of lift truck is located.

2.1.37. Preodolety rise - the straight section of the platform with advanced covering having bias is at least specified in ND and preodolety by lift truck (lift trucks with the internal combustion engine / further - DVS/-on the lowest transfer of the transmission or hydromechanical transfer on length of bias specified in installation on operation, and electric lift trucks - in operating mode of the traction S2 electric motor with duration specified in installation on operation).

2.1.38. Reconstruction - change of the main technical characteristics of lift truck (load-carrying capacity, the speed of mechanisms, raising height), designs of replaceable cargo fascinating devices, drive type, and also other changes causing increase, redistribution of loadings, and also reduction of cargo or own firmness.

2.1.39. Repair - recovery and (or) replacement on new damaged, worked or become unsuitable for any reason, components and details of lift trucks (metal designs, mechanisms, hydraulic actuator, the electric drive, safety controls and so forth) with finishing them to serviceable and operating state, including carried out according to system of scheduled preventive maintenance.

2.1.40. The working area of lift truck - the platform necessary for maneuvering of lift truck during entrance to the place of loading or unloading and departure back.

2.1.41. Working platform - the design intended for installation on the load-lifter (fixed on the carriage and (or) on pitchfork) lift truck for the purpose of arrangement of workplace from which it is possible to work safely.

2.1.42. Spreader - the cargo fascinating body intended for automatic stropirovaniye from above of large size containers with angular fitting during their overload.

2.1.43. Static load - the loading created by endurance within 10 min. load, which is exceeding nominal load-carrying capacity for 25% and having distance of the center of weight D to front surface backs of pitchfork, established on the pitchfork lifted on height from 200 mm to 300 mm with the load-lifter inclined back (in the presence of such mechanism).

2.1.44. Maintenance - complex of transactions or transaction concerning maintenance of operability or operability of lift truck in usage time to destination, storages and transportations.

2.1.45. The stacker - the fork truck of small dimensions and high maneuverability intended for servicing of racks and work mainly with the loads laid on pallets, on platforms (in rooms) the limited sizes which pitchfork is located over frame design (portable support).

2.1.46. The stacker combined - the stacker consisting of combination of the components inherent to different types of lift trucks, for example stackers with the pitchfork located between portable support (longerons), stackers with sliding portable support (longerons), stackers with the sliding load-lifter, stackers with platform and so forth.

2.1.47. The stacker self-propelled - the stacker equipped with the mechanism for movement.

2.1.48. The stacker with manual movement - the stacker which movement and maneuvering is performed by the worker by pushing or towage directly for vertically or horizontally located handles or дышло.

2.2. The terms "expert inspection (technical diagnosing)", "technical inspection" and "authorized organization" are applied in the values determined by the Procedure for carrying out survey, testing and expert inspection (technical diagnosing) of machines, mechanisms, the equipment of the increased danger approved by the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 26.05.2004 N 687 (further - NPAOP 0.00-6.18-04).

III. The danger connected with operation of lift trucks

3.1. Main types of dangerous factors which can arise during operation and in case of violation of service conditions of lift trucks:

3.1.1. The mechanical types of danger connected with lifting transactions by lift trucks and caused:

a) fall of load, collision, transfer of lift truck owing to:

insufficient stability of lift truck;

uncontrollable loading, overload, exceeding of the cross over cargo moment;

uncontrollable amplitude of movement of mechanisms and components of lift truck;

unexpected or unexpected movement of load;

inappropriate replaceable cargo fascinating devices and container;

collisions of several lift trucks or lift trucks with other vehicles;

b) insufficient mechanical durability of components and details;

c) the wrong choice of chains, replaceable cargo fascinating devices and their wrong installation (hanging) on lift truck;

d) uncontrollable lowering of load the mechanism with frictional brake;

?) action of load on workers (striking a blow by load or counterbalance);

3.1.2. The mechanical types of danger connected with lift truck components, with loads which move, and caused, for example, by form (the keen edges cutting elements, sharp-pointed parts and so forth), installation site, weight and firmness (potential energy of parts which can be set in motion under the influence of force of attraction), the weight and speed (kinetic energy of parts during controlled or uncontrollable movements), acceleration, insufficient mechanical durability that can lead to dangerous breakdowns or to destructions, accumulating of energy in lift truck (in elastic elements, in liquids, gases which are under pressure), violation of safe distances:

a) squeezing;

b) cut;

c) partition or cutting off;

d) winding, dragging or capture of parts of clothes, extremities and so forth;

?) blow;

e) prick or puncture;

e) spraying of liquid under high pressure;

є) loss of stability of elements;

g) sliding, spotykaniye or fall (on lift truck or from lift truck) workers;

3.1.3. Electric types of danger from electroshock or burns which can lead to injuries or death, or owing to the element of surprise caused by electric blow - to fall of the worker for the reason:

a) contact of workers with parts of auto-loader which usually are energized (direct contact);

b) contact of workers with parts of auto-loader which are energized because of defect (indirect contact);

c) actions of electrostatic processes, for example contact of workers with electrically the loaded parts;

d) thermal radiation or such processes, as spraying of the melted substances, chemical processes during short circuits and so forth;

3.1.4. The thermal types of danger leading to burns, cold injury and other injuries caused:

a) contact of workers with objects or materials with very high or low temperature;

b) flame or explosion;

c) work in the hot or cold production circle;

3.1.5. The danger caused by noise that can bring to:

a) to long violation of auditory acuity;

b) to ring in ears;

c) to fatigue, stress and so forth;

d) to other effects, for example balance violations, easing of attention and so forth;

?) to obstacles to speech communications, acoustic signals and so forth;

3.1.6. The danger caused by vibration which can lead to considerable violations of health (frustration of vascular and nervous systems, blood circulation violation, disease of joints and so forth);

3.1.7. The danger caused by materials, substances (and their components) which uses or distinguishes the working lift truck, and also the moved loads owing to:

a) their inhalations, swallowing by the servicing and maintenance force of noxious to health liquids, gases, aerosols, vapors and dust, and also their contact with skin, eyes and mucous membrane, penetration through integument;

b) fire - and potential of explosion;

3.1.8. The danger caused by neglect of ergonomic requirements and the principles during development of machines:

a) inconvenient working pose or the excessive or repeating physical activity on the driver's organism;

b) neglect individual protection equipment;

c) insufficient local lighting;

d) the intellectual overload, stress and so forth arising during working process, process of control of work of lift truck or maintenance within their proper use;

?) inconvenient design, placement or marking of elements of management;

e) inconvenient design or placement of devices of monitoring;

3.1.9. The danger caused by unexpected start, unexpected overspeeding and so forth owing to:

a) failure or violation in system operation of management;

b) interruption in supply of energy and recovery of power supply after break;

c) external impact on electric equipment;

d) actions of natural atmospheric factors;

?) the driver's mistakes in management of lift truck (because of insufficient compliance of lift truck to capabilities and skills of the driver);

3.1.10. The danger which became the reason of mistakes of the producer during creation of installation on operation and so forth;

3.1.11. The danger which became the reason of breakdowns in operating time owing to:

a) fatigue failure;

b) inadmissible size of deformation;

c) critical operation;

d) corrosion;

3.1.12. The danger which became the reason of the falling objects (the tool, details of lift truck, things of the servicing and maintenance force and so forth);

3.1.13. The danger which became the reason of movement of lift truck, its carriage:

a) movements during engine zapushcheniye;

b) movements in the absence of the driver on the place;

c) movements in the absence of reliable fixing of all components, details;

3.1.14. The danger connected with workplace of the truck operator owing to:

a) falls of the driver during attempt to occupy or leave workplace;

b) emissions of gases on workplace;

c) fire (cabin inflammability, shortage of means of ognetusheniye);

d) mechanical types of danger on workplace (engagement with mobile parts, arrival, fall of objects);

?) insufficient review from workplace;

e) inappropriate lighting;

e) the inconvenient place for sitting;

є) noise on workplace;

g) vibrations on workplace;

3.1.15. The danger connected with management system:

a) wrong placement of governing bodies;

b) wrong design of governing bodies and wrong mode of their work;

3.1.16. The danger connected with sources and transmission of energy:

a) the danger connected with the engine and rechargeable batteries;

b) the danger connected with transmission of energy between the lift truck equipment;

c) the danger connected with connections and means of towage;

3.1.17. The danger connected with the third parties:

a) unauthorized start or operation;

b) absence or discrepancy of visual or sound warning signals;

3.1.18. The danger connected with adverse natural factors:

a) wind loading;

b) snow loading;

c) ice, freezing;

d) seismic loading;

?) lightning electric discharges.

3.2. Risks of the servicing and maintenance force from impact of the above-stated danger shall become impossible or are reduced to minimum due to accomplishment of the safety actions directed to exception of possibility of the predicted risks and safety during operation of lift truck given in these Rules.

During development of lift trucks the analysis of the predicted danger, dangerous situations and dangerous cases generated mechanical, electric, chemical (from raw materials, materials and other substances), shall be carried out by thermal (thermal) impact, and also violation of requirements of ergonomics and other reasons.

IV. Safety requirements to structure of lift trucks and their components

4.1. General requirements

4.1.1. Lift trucks, their components, safety controls shall meet the requirements of these rules and ND.

4.1.2. Climatic accomplishment of lift trucks shall be established according to requirements of ND.

4.1.3. The lift trucks intended for operation in seismic countries (more than 6 points) are made in seismic accomplishment according to requirements of ND.

4.1.4. The lift trucks intended for work in explosive and fire hazardous zones shall meet the requirements "Rules of structure of electroinstallations. Electric equipment of special installations", approved by the order of the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy of Ukraine of 21.06.2001 N 272 (further - NPAOP 40.1-1.32-01), and the operating ND.

Class vzryvo-and fire hazardous zone, the category and group of explosive mix are specified in the passport of lift truck, and also in installation on operation.

The lift trucks intended for work in explosive and fire hazardous zones shall have the corresponding marking.

4.1.5. Lift trucks, in case of their use according to installation on operation, shall have longitudinal and cross firmness with load and without load, during stacking and movement.

Firmness of lift trucks shall be performed according to requirements of ND.

4.1.6. Lift trucks shall overcome the bias specified by the producer in installation on operation with nominal load.

4.1.7. Movement speed on horizontal surface of the lift trucks managed by the standing driver with nominal load shall be no more than 16 km/h.

4.1.8. Cars - and electric lift trucks shall be equipped with devices for their towage (hook, loop and so forth). If the car - and the electric lift truck is provided to be used as the tractor, then the design of the traction coupling device shall exclude possibility of involuntary separation.

4.1.9. Lift trucks shall have the designated places of stropirovaniye for their loading (unloading) on vehicles in case of transportation.

4.1.10. On the case of lift trucks with pneumatic tires pressure in tires shall be specified.

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